IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i6p2690-d1096236.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Solar Energy Dependent Supercapacitor System with ANFIS Controller for Auxiliary Load of Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Ataur Rahman

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia)

  • Kyaw Myo Aung

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia)

  • Sany Ihsan

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia)

  • Raja Mazuir Raja Ahsan Shah

    (College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha 24449, Qatar)

  • Mansour Al Qubeissi

    (School of Mechanical and Renewable Engineering, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK)

  • Mohannad T. Aljarrah

    (College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha 24449, Qatar
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan)

Abstract

Innovations are required for electric vehicles (EVs) to be lighter and more energy efficient due to the range anxiety issue. This article introduces an intelligent control of an organic structure solar supercapacitor (OSSC) for EVs to meet electrical load demands with solar renewable energy. A carbon fibre-reinforced polymer, nano zinc oxide (ZnO), and copper oxide (CuO) fillers have been used in the development of OSSC prototypes. The organic solar cell, electrical circuits, converter, controller, circuit breaker switch, and batteries were all integrated for the modelling of OSSCs. A carbon fibre (CF)-reinforced CuO-doped polymer was utilised to improve the concentration of electrons. The negative electrodes of the CF were strengthened with nano ZnO epoxy to increase the mobility of electrons as an n-type semiconductor (energy band gap 3.2–3.4 eV) and subsequently increased to 3.5 eV by adding 6% π-carbon. The electrodes of the CF were strengthened with epoxy-filled nano-CuO as a p-type semiconductor to facilitate bore/positive charging. They improve the conductivity of the OSSC. The OSSC power storage was controlled by an adaptive neuro-fuzzy intelligent system controller to meet the load demand of EVs and auxiliary battery charging. Moreover, a fully charged OSSC (solar irradiance = 1000 W/m 2 ) produced 561 W·h/m 2 to meet the vehicle load demand with 45 A of auxiliary battery charging current. Therefore, the OSSC can save 15% in energy efficiency and contribute to emission control. The integration of an OSSC with an EV battery can minimise the weight and capacity of the battery by 7.5% and 10%, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Ataur Rahman & Kyaw Myo Aung & Sany Ihsan & Raja Mazuir Raja Ahsan Shah & Mansour Al Qubeissi & Mohannad T. Aljarrah, 2023. "Solar Energy Dependent Supercapacitor System with ANFIS Controller for Auxiliary Load of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-23, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2690-:d:1096236
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2690/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2690/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Allafi, Walid & Uddin, Kotub & Zhang, Cheng & Mazuir Raja Ahsan Sha, Raja & Marco, James, 2017. "On-line scheme for parameter estimation of nonlinear lithium ion battery equivalent circuit models using the simplified refined instrumental variable method for a modified Wiener continuous-time model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 497-508.
    2. Li, Zhenhe & Khajepour, Amir & Song, Jinchun, 2019. "A comprehensive review of the key technologies for pure electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 824-839.
    3. Burke, Andrew, 2000. "Ultracapacitors: Why, How, and Where is the Technology," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt9n905017, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Florin Mariasiu & Ioan Aurel Chereches & Horia Raboca, 2023. "Statistical Analysis of the Interdependence between the Technical and Functional Parameters of Electric Vehicles in the European Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-22, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sofiane Bacha & Ramzi Saadi & Mohamed Yacine Ayad & Mohamed Sahraoui & Khaled Laadjal & Antonio J. Marques Cardoso, 2023. "Autonomous Electric-Vehicle Control Using Speed Planning Algorithm and Back-Stepping Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-26, March.
    2. Xie, Yunkun & Li, Yangyang & Zhao, Zhichao & Dong, Hao & Wang, Shuqian & Liu, Jingping & Guan, Jinhuan & Duan, Xiongbo, 2020. "Microsimulation of electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    3. Wang, Yujie & Sun, Zhendong & Li, Xiyun & Yang, Xiaoyu & Chen, Zonghai, 2019. "A comparative study of power allocation strategies used in fuel cell and ultracapacitor hybrid systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    4. Das, Himadry Shekhar & Tan, Chee Wei & Yatim, A.H.M., 2017. "Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles: A review on power conditioning units and topologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 268-291.
    5. Feiyu Hou & Fei Yao & Zheng Li, 2022. "A Torque-Compensated Fault-Tolerant Control Method for Electric Vehicle Traction Motor with Short-Circuit Fault," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Michał Gocki & Agnieszka Jakubowska-Ciszek & Piotr Pruski, 2022. "Comparative Analysis of a New Class of Symmetric and Asymmetric Supercapacitors Constructed on the Basis of ITO Collectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    7. Jie Hu & Wentong Cao & Feng Jiang & Lingling Hu & Qian Chen & Weiguang Zheng & Junming Zhou, 2023. "Study on Multi-Objective Optimization of Power System Parameters of Battery Electric Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-23, May.
    8. Yossi Hadad & Baruch Keren & Dima Alberg, 2023. "An Expert System for Ranking and Matching Electric Vehicles to Customer Specifications and Requirements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-18, May.
    9. Hicham El Hadraoui & Mourad Zegrari & Fatima-Ezzahra Hammouch & Nasr Guennouni & Oussama Laayati & Ahmed Chebak, 2022. "Design of a Customizable Test Bench of an Electric Vehicle Powertrain for Learning Purposes Using Model-Based System Engineering," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, September.
    10. Hauge, H.H. & Presser, V. & Burheim, O., 2014. "In-situ and ex-situ measurements of thermal conductivity of supercapacitors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 373-383.
    11. Simon Krüner & Christoph M. Hackl, 2022. "Nonlinear Modelling and Control of a Power Smoothing System for a Novel Wave Energy Converter Prototype," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    12. Solomon, A.A. & Faiman, D. & Meron, G., 2012. "Appropriate storage for high-penetration grid-connected photovoltaic plants," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 335-344.
    13. Wen, Shuang & Lin, Ni & Huang, Shengxu & Wang, Zhenpo & Zhang, Zhaosheng, 2023. "Lithium battery health state assessment based on vehicle-to-grid (V2G) real-world data and natural gradient boosting model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    14. Chen, Mingyi & Yu, Yue & Ouyang, Dongxu & Weng, Jingwen & Zhao, Luyao & Wang, Jian & Chen, Yin, 2024. "Research progress of enhancing battery safety with phase change materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    15. Theo Lieven & Beatrice Hügler, 2021. "Did Electric Vehicle Sales Skyrocket Due to Increased Environmental Awareness While Total Vehicle Sales Declined during COVID-19?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-19, December.
    16. Wu, Yingwen & Ji, Yangjian, 2023. "Identifying firm-specific technology opportunities from the perspective of competitors by using association rule mining," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2).
    17. Pavković, D. & Hoić, M. & Deur, J. & Petrić, J., 2014. "Energy storage systems sizing study for a high-altitude wind energy application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 91-103.
    18. Diana Lemian & Florin Bode, 2022. "Battery-Supercapacitor Energy Storage Systems for Electrical Vehicles: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-13, August.
    19. Yang, Xiong & Peng, Zhenhan & Wang, Pinxi & Zhuge, Chengxiang, 2023. "Seasonal variance in electric vehicle charging demand and its impacts on infrastructure deployment: A big data approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    20. Tingting Wang & Xin Liu & Dongchen Qin & Yuechen Duan, 2022. "Thermal Modeling and Prediction of The Lithium-ion Battery Based on Driving Behavior," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-22, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2690-:d:1096236. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.