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Advanced Applications of Torrefied Biomass: A Perspective View

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  • Tharaka Rama Krishna C. Doddapaneni

    (Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014 Tartu, Estonia)

  • Timo Kikas

    (Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014 Tartu, Estonia)

Abstract

Because of the social, economic, and environmental issues linked with fossil resources, there is a global interest in finding alternative renewable and sustainable resources for energy and materials production. Biomass could be one such renewable material that is available in large quantities. However, biomass physicochemical properties are a challenge for its industrial application. Recently, the torrefaction process was developed to improve the fuel characteristics of biomass. However, in recent days, energy production has slowly been shifting towards solar and wind, and restrictions on thermal power plants are increasing. Thus, there will be a need to find alternative market opportunities for the torrefaction industry. In that regard, there is a quest to find alternative applications of torrefaction products other than energy production. This paper presents a couple of alternative applications of torrefied biomass. Torrefaction process can be used as a biomass pretreatment option for biochemical conversion processes. The other alternative applications of torrefied biomass are using it as a reducing agent in metallurgy, as a low-cost adsorbent, in carbon-black production, and as a filler material in plastics. The use of torrefied biomass in fermentation and steel production is validated through a few laboratory experiments, and the results are looking attractive. The lower sugar yield is the main challenge in the case of the microbial application of torrefied biomass. The lower mechanical strength is the challenge in the case of using it as a reducing agent in a blast furnace. To date, very few studies are available in the literature for all the highlighted applications of torrefied biomass. There is a need for extensive experimental validation to identify the operational feasibility of these applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Tharaka Rama Krishna C. Doddapaneni & Timo Kikas, 2023. "Advanced Applications of Torrefied Biomass: A Perspective View," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-8, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1635-:d:1059975
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Doddapaneni, Tharaka Rama Krishna C. & Praveenkumar, Ramasamy & Tolvanen, Henrik & Rintala, Jukka & Konttinen, Jukka, 2018. "Techno-economic evaluation of integrating torrefaction with anaerobic digestion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 272-284.
    2. Wang, Shurong & Dai, Gongxin & Ru, Bin & Zhao, Yuan & Wang, Xiaoliu & Xiao, Gang & Luo, Zhongyang, 2017. "Influence of torrefaction on the characteristics and pyrolysis behavior of cellulose," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 864-871.
    3. Margareta Novian Cahyanti & Tharaka Rama Krishna C. Doddapaneni & Marten Madissoo & Linnar Pärn & Indrek Virro & Timo Kikas, 2021. "Torrefaction of Agricultural and Wood Waste: Comparative Analysis of Selected Fuel Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Ubando, Aristotle T. & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Ong, Hwai Chyuan, 2019. "Iron oxide reduction by graphite and torrefied biomass analyzed by TG-FTIR for mitigating CO2 emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 968-977.
    5. Tharaka Rama Krishna C. Doddapaneni & Linnar Pärn & Timo Kikas, 2022. "Torrefaction of Pulp Industry Sludge to Enhance Its Fuel Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, August.
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    1. Debora Mignogna & Márta Szabó & Paolo Ceci & Pasquale Avino, 2024. "Biomass Energy and Biofuels: Perspective, Potentials, and Challenges in the Energy Transition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-33, August.
    2. Maja Ivanovski & Darko Goričanec & Danijela Urbancl, 2023. "The Evaluation of Torrefaction Efficiency for Lignocellulosic Materials Combined with Mixed Solid Wastes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, April.

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