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The Effects of Demineralization on Reducing Ash Content in Corn and Soy Biomass with the Goal of Increasing Biofuel Quality

Author

Listed:
  • Juraj Kukuruzović

    (Bjelin Otok d.o.o., Skorotinci 6, 32253 Otok, Croatia)

  • Ana Matin

    (Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Mislav Kontek

    (Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Tajana Krička

    (Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Božidar Matin

    (Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Ivan Brandić

    (Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Alan Antonović

    (Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

The increasing amount of residual waste presents several opportunities to use biomass as a renewable energy source. Agricultural biomass is a raw material with a high ash content, which can be a problem in any form of energy conversion. To obtain better quality biofuel, excess mineral matter must be removed. Demineralization is a simple form of mixing and washing biomass with various liquids to reduce ash content. Water, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are common solvents used for this purpose. Ash is composed of different micro (Zn, Cu, Fe) and macro elements (Mg, Ca, K), which can have different consequences for the use of biomass for thermal energy. Different solvents have different effects on the individual elements, with inorganic acids having the greatest effect in demineralization processes, with a reduction in ash content of up to 80% for corn and about 99% for soybeans.

Suggested Citation

  • Juraj Kukuruzović & Ana Matin & Mislav Kontek & Tajana Krička & Božidar Matin & Ivan Brandić & Alan Antonović, 2023. "The Effects of Demineralization on Reducing Ash Content in Corn and Soy Biomass with the Goal of Increasing Biofuel Quality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:967-:d:1036423
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Angel Alcazar-Ruiz & Fernando Dorado & Luz Sanchez-Silva, 2022. "Influence of Temperature and Residence Time on Torrefaction Coupled to Fast Pyrolysis for Valorizing Agricultural Waste," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Nives Jovičić & Alan Antonović & Ana Matin & Suzana Antolović & Sanja Kalambura & Tajana Krička, 2022. "Biomass Valorization of Walnut Shell for Liquefaction Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Anna Trubetskaya, 2022. "Reactivity Effects of Inorganic Content in Biomass Gasification: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-36, April.
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    Keywords

    demineralization; ash; biomass;
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