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Feasibility Assessment of a Dual Intake-Port Scroll Expander Operating in an ORC-Based Power Unit

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  • Fabio Fatigati

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale Ernesto Pontieri, Monteluco di Roio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Giammarco Di Giovine

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale Ernesto Pontieri, Monteluco di Roio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Roberto Cipollone

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale Ernesto Pontieri, Monteluco di Roio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

Abstract

The main driver of research in the road transportation sector is almost certainly the development of technologies which allow for the reduction of CO 2 emissions from internal combustion engines (ICEs). Wasted heat recovery (WHR) from the exhaust gases of ICEs based on organic rankine cycle (ORC) power units is one of the most promising technological solutions. However, several issues are raised when the recovery unit is scaled down to small applications, not to mention the fact that thermal sources are characterized by their intrinsically transient nature, as is the case with ICEs. In fact, this leads the ORC unit having to work frequently in off-design conditions. To successfully overcome this issue, the proper design and selection of the expanders are crucial. They are generally chosen from volumetric-type machines, thanks to their capacity to deal with time-varying thermo-fluid dynamic inlet properties. Among them, scroll machines represent one of the best solutions, despite them not yet being optimized as expanders, with them having been studied more as compressors. Dual-intake-port (DIP) technology is a novel solution used to enhance the performance of scroll machines. The effectiveness of this technology was assessed thanks to a comprehensive, experimentally-validated theoretical model of the scroll. It demonstrated that DIP technology can produce a 25% increase in mechanical power with respect to the baseline machine, without modifying the in–out pressure ratio. Maintaining a constant pressure difference across the expander at 5.6 bar, the power grew from 1131 W to 1410 W with the adoption of DIP technology. This power boost is lower than that achieved with a comparable DIP sliding rotary vane expander (SVRE) already studied by the authors, but the DIP Scroll achieved a higher efficiency (50–60%) when compared to the DIP SVRE case (40%).

Suggested Citation

  • Fabio Fatigati & Giammarco Di Giovine & Roberto Cipollone, 2022. "Feasibility Assessment of a Dual Intake-Port Scroll Expander Operating in an ORC-Based Power Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-26, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:770-:d:730148
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chatzopoulou, Maria Anna & Simpson, Michael & Sapin, Paul & Markides, Christos N., 2019. "Off-design optimisation of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engines with piston expanders for medium-scale combined heat and power applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1211-1236.
    2. Shi, Lingfeng & Shu, Gequn & Tian, Hua & Deng, Shuai, 2018. "A review of modified Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) for internal combustion engine waste heat recovery (ICE-WHR)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 95-110.
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