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Grid Services and Stress Reduction with a Flywheel in the Rotor of a Wind Turbine

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  • Clemens Jauch

    (Wind Energy Technology Institute (WETI), Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, 24943 Flensburg, Germany)

Abstract

Wind power penetration increases in most grids and the sizes of wind turbines increase. This leads to increasingly tough requirements, which are imposed on wind turbines, both from the grid as well as from economics. Some of these partially contradictory requirements can only be satisfied with additional control mechanisms in the wind turbines. In this paper, such a mechanism, i.e., a hydraulic–pneumatic flywheel system in the rotor of a wind turbine, is discussed. This flywheel system supports a wind turbine in providing grid services such as steadying the power infeed, fast frequency response, continuous inertia provision, power system stabilization, and low voltage ride-through. In addition, it can help mitigate the stress on the mechanical structure of a wind turbine, which results from varying operating points, imbalances in the rotor, gravitation that acts on the blades, in-plane vibrations, and emergency braking. The study presented in this paper is based on simulations of a publicly available reference wind turbine. Both the rotor blade design as well as the design of the flywheel system are as previously published. It is discussed how the aforementioned grid services and the stress reduction mechanisms can be combined. Finally, it is concluded that such a flywheel system broadens the range of control mechanisms of a wind turbine substantially, which is beneficial for the grid as well as for the wind turbine itself.

Suggested Citation

  • Clemens Jauch, 2021. "Grid Services and Stress Reduction with a Flywheel in the Rotor of a Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-25, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2556-:d:546248
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elia, A. & Taylor, M. & Ó Gallachóir, B. & Rogan, F., 2020. "Wind turbine cost reduction: A detailed bottom-up analysis of innovation drivers," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    2. Domínguez-García, José Luis & Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol & Bianchi, Fernando D. & Sumper, Andreas, 2012. "Power oscillation damping supported by wind power: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 4994-5006.
    3. Clemens Jauch & Arne Gloe, 2019. "Simultaneous Inertia Contribution and Optimal Grid Utilization with Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Peter J. Schubel & Richard J. Crossley, 2012. "Wind Turbine Blade Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(9), pages 1-25, September.
    5. Clemens Jauch & Arne Gloe & Sebastian Hippel & Henning Thiesen, 2017. "Increased Wind Energy Yield and Grid Utilisation with Continuous Feed-In Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-23, June.
    6. Mathias Arbeiter & Martin Hopp & Martin Huhn, 2021. "LVRT Impact on Tower Loads, Drivetrain Torque and Rotational Speed—Measurement Results of a 2-MW Class DFIG Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-13, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Arne Gloe & Clemens Jauch & Bogdan Craciun & Arvid Zanter & Jörg Winkelmann, 2021. "Influence of Continuous Provision of Synthetic Inertia on the Mechanical Loads of a Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    2. Laurence Alhrshy & Alexander Lippke & Clemens Jauch, 2023. "Variable Blade Inertia in State-of-the-Art Wind Turbine Structural-Dynamics Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-22, August.

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