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Preparation, Functionalization, Modification, and Applications of Nanostructured Gold: A Critical Review

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Yaseen

    (Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Humayun

    (Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Abbas Khan

    (Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Usman

    (Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT), KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Habib Ullah

    (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Asif Ali Tahir

    (Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK)

  • Habib Ullah

    (Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK)

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) play a significant role in science and technology because of their unique size, shape, properties and broad range of potential applications. This review focuses on the various approaches employed for the synthesis, modification and functionalization of nanostructured Au. The potential catalytic applications and their enhancement upon modification of Au nanostructures have also been discussed in detail. The present analysis also offers brief summaries of the major Au nanomaterials synthetic procedures, such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel, direct oxidation, chemical vapor deposition, sonochemical deposition, electrochemical deposition, microwave and laser pyrolysis. Among the various strategies used for improving the catalytic performance of nanostructured Au, the modification and functionalization of nanostructured Au produced better results. Therefore, various synthesis, modification and functionalization methods employed for better catalytic outcomes of nanostructured Au have been summarized in this review.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Yaseen & Muhammad Humayun & Abbas Khan & Muhammad Usman & Habib Ullah & Asif Ali Tahir & Habib Ullah, 2021. "Preparation, Functionalization, Modification, and Applications of Nanostructured Gold: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-88, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:5:p:1278-:d:506064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Yaseen & Muhammad Arif Khan Khattak & Muhammad Humayun & Muhammad Usman & Syed Shaheen Shah & Shaista Bibi & Bakhtiar Syed Ul Hasnain & Shah Masood Ahmad & Abbas Khan & Nasrullah Shah & Asif , 2021. "A Review of Supercapacitors: Materials Design, Modification, and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-40, November.
    2. Niaz Ali Khan & Muhammad Humayun & Muhammad Usman & Zahid Ali Ghazi & Abdul Naeem & Abbas Khan & Asim Laeeq Khan & Asif Ali Tahir & Habib Ullah, 2021. "Structural Characteristics and Environmental Applications of Covalent Organic Frameworks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Humayun & Syed Shaheen Shah & Habib Ullah & Asif A Tahir & Abbas Khan & Habib Ullah, 2021. "Bismuth-Graphene Nanohybrids: Synthesis, Reaction Mechanisms, and Photocatalytic Applications—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-36, April.

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