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A Novel Iron Chloride Red-Ox Concentration Flow Cell Battery (ICFB) Concept; Power and Electrode Optimization

Author

Listed:
  • Robert Bock

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Björn Kleinsteinberg

    (Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Group, Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
    Helmholtz Institute Münster (HI MS), IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Corrensstrasse 46, 48149 Münster, Germany)

  • Bjørn Selnes-Volseth

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Odne Stokke Burheim

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway)

Abstract

For renewable energies to succeed in replacing fossil fuels, large-scale and affordable solutions are needed for short and long-term energy storage. A potentially inexpensive approach of storing large amounts of energy is through the use of a concentration flow cell that is based on cheap and abundant materials. Here, we propose to use aqueous iron chloride as a reacting solvent on carbon electrodes. We suggest to use it in a red-ox concentration flow cell with two compartments separated by a hydrocarbon-based membrane. In both compartments the red-ox couple of iron II and III reacts, oxidation at the anode and reduction at the cathode. When charging, a concentration difference between the two species grows. When discharging, this concentration difference between iron II and iron III is used to drive the reaction. In this respect it is a concentration driven flow cell redox battery using iron chloride in both solutions. Here, we investigate material combinations, power, and concentration relations.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Bock & Björn Kleinsteinberg & Bjørn Selnes-Volseth & Odne Stokke Burheim, 2021. "A Novel Iron Chloride Red-Ox Concentration Flow Cell Battery (ICFB) Concept; Power and Electrode Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1109-:d:502222
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kjersti Wergeland Krakhella & Robert Bock & Odne Stokke Burheim & Frode Seland & Kristian Etienne Einarsrud, 2019. "Heat to H 2 : Using Waste Heat for Hydrogen Production through Reverse Electrodialysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-25, September.
    2. Shi, Yu & Eze, Chika & Xiong, Binyu & He, Weidong & Zhang, Han & Lim, T.M. & Ukil, A. & Zhao, Jiyun, 2019. "Recent development of membrane for vanadium redox flow battery applications: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 202-224.
    3. Kjersti Wergeland Krakhella & Marjorie Morales & Robert Bock & Frode Seland & Odne Stokke Burheim & Kristian Etienne Einarsrud, 2020. "Electrodialytic Energy Storage System: Permselectivity, Stack Measurements and Life-Cycle Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-26, March.
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