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Evaluation of the Integration of the Traditional Architectural Element Mashrabiya into the Ventilation Strategy for Buildings in Hot Climates

Author

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  • Abdullah Abdulhameed Bagasi

    (Department of Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • John Kaiser Calautit

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Abdullah Saeed Karban

    (Department of Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This paper reviewed related research works and developments on the traditional architectural element “mashrabiya” focusing on its history, design and structure, typology, and functions in hot climates. Moreover, the paper assessed the effect of the traditional mashrabiya on the indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort in a selected case study building. For this purpose, two similar rooms were investigated in a selected historic building with abundant mashrabiyas located in the Makkah Region, specifically in Old Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The field tests were conducted during a typical hot summer month with two different configurations. The study demonstrated that opening the mashrabiya allowed more airflow into the room during the day and reduced the indoor temperature by up to 2.4 °C as compared to the closed mashrabiya. Besides, the building envelope played an important role in preventing the high fluctuation of the indoor air temperature, where the fluctuation of the rooms air temperature ranged between 2.1 °C and 4.2 °C compared to the outdoor temperature which recorded a fluctuation between 9.4 °C and 16 °C. The data presented here can be used for the future development of the mashrabiya concept and the potential incorporation with passive cooling methods to improve its design according to the requirements of modern buildings in hot climates. Moreover, further studies and tests on mashrabiyas under different climatic conditions are required. Also, the different strategies or materials can be incorporated with mashrabiyas in order to improve its thermal performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdullah Abdulhameed Bagasi & John Kaiser Calautit & Abdullah Saeed Karban, 2021. "Evaluation of the Integration of the Traditional Architectural Element Mashrabiya into the Ventilation Strategy for Buildings in Hot Climates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-31, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:530-:d:483991
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Mujahid Rafique & Shafiqur Rehman & Aref Lashin & Nassir Al Arifi, 2016. "Analysis of a Solar Cooling System for Climatic Conditions of Five Different Cities of Saudi Arabia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Ali Mohammed AL-Dossary & Daeung Danny Kim, 2020. "A Study of Design Variables in Daylight and Energy Performance in Residential Buildings under Hot Climates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Mamdooh Alwetaishi & Ashraf Balabel & Ahmed Abdelhafiz & Usama Issa & Ibrahim Sharaky & Amal Shamseldin & Mohammed Al-Surf & Mosleh Al-Harthi & Mohamed Gadi, 2020. "User Thermal Comfort in Historic Buildings: Evaluation of the Potential of Thermal Mass, Orientation, Evaporative Cooling and Ventilation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-23, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fangliang Zhong & Hassam Nasarullah Chaudhry & John Kaiser Calautit, 2021. "Effect of Roof Cooling and Air Curtain Gates on Thermal and Wind Conditions in Stadiums for Hot Climates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Hao Sun & Carlos Jimenez-Bescos & Murtaza Mohammadi & Fangliang Zhong & John Kaiser Calautit, 2021. "Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Vegetation on the Aero-Thermal Performance of Buildings with Courtyards in Hot Climates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-25, August.
    3. Hoda Ramezani & Ehsan Reza, 2022. "The Consequence of Combining Indigenous Techniques with a Flexible Design to Reduce Energy Consumption in Residential Buildings for Future Architecture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Lei Tang & Zhengtao Ai & Chunyan Song & Guoqiang Zhang & Zhengxuan Liu, 2021. "A Strategy to Maximally Utilize Outdoor Air for Indoor Thermal Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-13, July.
    5. Ahmad Taki & Haripriya Kumari, 2023. "Examining Mashrabiya’s Impact on Energy Efficiency and Cultural Aspects in Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-36, June.

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