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Optical Investigation of a Partial Fuel Stratification Strategy to Stabilize Overall Lean Operation of a DISI Engine Fueled with Gasoline and E30

Author

Listed:
  • Cinzia Tornatore

    (Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS), Italian National Research Council, Via Marconi 4, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Magnus Sjöberg

    (Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9053, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA)

Abstract

This paper offers new insights into a partial fuel stratification (PFS) combustion strategy that has proven to be effective at stabilizing overall lean combustion in direct injection spark ignition engines. To this aim, high spatial and temporal resolution optical diagnostics were applied in an optically accessible engine working in PFS mode for two fuels and two different durations of pilot injection at the time of spark: 210 µs and 330 µs for E30 (gasoline blended with ethanol by 30% volume fraction) and gasoline, respectively. In both conditions, early injections during the intake stroke were used to generate a well-mixed lean background. The results were compared to rich, stoichiometric and lean well-mixed combustion with different spark timings. In the PFS combustion process, it was possible to detect a non-spherical and highly wrinkled blue flame, coupled with yellow diffusive flames due to the combustion of rich zones near the spark plug. The initial flame spread for both PFS cases was faster compared to any of the well-mixed cases (lean, stoichiometric and rich), suggesting that the flame propagation for PFS is enhanced by both enrichment and enhanced local turbulence caused by the pilot injection. Different spray evolutions for the two pilot injection durations were found to strongly influence the flame kernel inception and propagation. PFS with pilot durations of 210 µs and 330 µs showed some differences in terms of shapes of the flame front and in terms of extension of diffusive flames. Yet, both cases were highly repeatable.

Suggested Citation

  • Cinzia Tornatore & Magnus Sjöberg, 2021. "Optical Investigation of a Partial Fuel Stratification Strategy to Stabilize Overall Lean Operation of a DISI Engine Fueled with Gasoline and E30," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-32, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:2:p:396-:d:479212
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jung, Dongwon & Sasaki, Kosaku & Iida, Norimasa, 2017. "Effects of increased spark discharge energy and enhanced in-cylinder turbulence level on lean limits and cycle-to-cycle variations of combustion for SI engine operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1467-1477.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fabien Tagliante & Tuan M. Nguyen & Lyle M. Pickett & Hyung Sub Sim, 2021. "Large-Eddy Simulation of Laser-Ignited Direct Injection Gasoline Spray for Emission Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Paolo Sementa & Cinzia Tornatore & Francesco Catapano & Silvana Di Iorio & Bianca Maria Vaglieco, 2023. "Custom-Designed Pre-Chamber: Investigating the Effects on Small SI Engine in Active and Passive Modes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-24, July.
    3. Raul Payri & Pedro Marti-Aldaravi & Rami Abboud & Abian Bautista, 2021. "Numerical Analysis of GDI Flash Boiling Sprays Using Different Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-23, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    spark ignition engine; GDI engine; partial fuel stratification; lean operation; E30; ethanol;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)

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