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Urban-Rural Dependencies and Opportunities to Design Nature-Based Solutions for Resilience in Europe and China

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  • Ellen Banzhaf

    (Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany)

  • Sally Anderson

    (Department of Educational Anthropology, Danish School of Education, Aarhus University, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Gwendoline Grandin

    (Paris Region Biodiversity Agency, Paris Region Institut, CEDEX 15, 75740 Paris, France)

  • Richard Hardiman

    (Department of Asian Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel)

  • Anne Jensen

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Laurence Jones

    (UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK)

  • Julius Knopp

    (Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany)

  • Gregor Levin

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Duncan Russel

    (Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK)

  • Wanben Wu

    (Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
    Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Shanghai Institute of EcoChongming (SIEC), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China)

  • Jun Yang

    (Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Marianne Zandersen

    (Department of Environmental Science & Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change (iCLIMATE), Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

Abstract

Interrelationships between urban and rural areas are fundamental for the development and safeguarding of viable future living conditions and quality of life. These areas are not well-delineated or self-sufficient, and existing interrelations may privilege one over the other. Major urban challenges facing China and Europe are related to changes in climate, environment, and to decision-making that makes urban and rural landscapes more susceptible to environmental pressures. Focusing on the six European and Chinese cities and surrounding rural areas, under study in the joint EC and MOST-funded REGREEN project, we examine how nature-based solutions (NBS) may assist in counteracting these pressures. We explore urban-rural dependencies and partnerships regarding NBS that can enhance resilience in Europe and China. We analyse differences between European and Chinese systems of governance, reflecting on the significance of the scale of research needed to understand how NBS provide benefits. We highlight interactions between differently delineated sheds (watershed, airshed, natureshed, and peopleshed), which influence the interrelationships between urban and rural areas. There may be one-way or two-way interdependence, and the impact may be uni or multi-directional. The European and Chinese solutions, exemplified in this article, tackle the nexus of environmental and peoplesheds. We discuss complex human interactions (and how to model them) that may, or may not, lead to viable and equitable partnerships for implementing NBS in cities within Europe and in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Ellen Banzhaf & Sally Anderson & Gwendoline Grandin & Richard Hardiman & Anne Jensen & Laurence Jones & Julius Knopp & Gregor Levin & Duncan Russel & Wanben Wu & Jun Yang & Marianne Zandersen, 2022. "Urban-Rural Dependencies and Opportunities to Design Nature-Based Solutions for Resilience in Europe and China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-25, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:4:p:480-:d:780337
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    2. Chenchen Shi & Xiaoping Zhu & Haowei Wu & Zhihui Li, 2022. "Urbanization Impact on Regional Sustainable Development: Through the Lens of Urban-Rural Resilience," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-17, November.

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