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Barriers and Challenges Going from Conventional to Cryogenic Superconducting Propulsion for Hybrid and All-Electric Aircrafts

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Ferreira da Silva

    (IDMEC, Técnico Lisboa, University of Lisbon, 1049 Lisbon, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • João F. P. Fernandes

    (IDMEC, Técnico Lisboa, University of Lisbon, 1049 Lisbon, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Paulo Jose da Costa Branco

    (IDMEC, Técnico Lisboa, University of Lisbon, 1049 Lisbon, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The development of electric aircraft is becoming an important technology for achieving the goals set by the European Commission for the reduction of gases emissions by 2050 in the aeronautical transportation system. However, there is a technology gap between the current values of specific power in commercial electric machines and those required for aeronautical applications. Therefore, the search for alternative materials and non-conventional designs is mandatory. One emergent solution is using superconducting machines and systems to overcome the current limits of conventional electrical machines. This work reviews the new hybrid and all-electric aircraft tendencies, complementing it with recent research on the design and development of high specific power superconducting machines. This includes the main topologies for hybrid and all-electric aircraft, with an overview of the ongoing worldwide projects of these aircraft types, systematizing the main characteristics of their propulsion systems. It also includes the research on superconducting machines to achieve high specific power and consider the impact on the redesign of aircraft systems, the electrical, cooling, and fuel source systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Ferreira da Silva & João F. P. Fernandes & Paulo Jose da Costa Branco, 2021. "Barriers and Challenges Going from Conventional to Cryogenic Superconducting Propulsion for Hybrid and All-Electric Aircrafts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:6861-:d:660265
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Julian Hoelzen & Yaolong Liu & Boris Bensmann & Christopher Winnefeld & Ali Elham & Jens Friedrichs & Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach, 2018. "Conceptual Design of Operation Strategies for Hybrid Electric Aircraft," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-26, January.
    2. Andreas W. Schäfer & Steven R. H. Barrett & Khan Doyme & Lynnette M. Dray & Albert R. Gnadt & Rod Self & Aidan O’Sullivan & Athanasios P. Synodinos & Antonio J. Torija, 2019. "Technological, economic and environmental prospects of all-electric aircraft," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(2), pages 160-166, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Francisco Ferreira da Silva & João F. P. Fernandes & Paulo José da Costa Branco, 2022. "Superconducting Electric Power Systems: R&D Advancements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-10, October.
    2. João F. P. Fernandes & Pedro P. C. Bhagubai & Paulo J. C. Branco, 2022. "Recent Developments in Electrical Machine Design for the Electrification of Industrial and Transportation Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Fabrizio Marignetti & Guido Rubino, 2023. "Perspectives on Electric Machines with Cryogenic Cooling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, March.

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