IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i16p5203-d619808.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Experimental Investigation of Neat Biodiesels’ Saturation Level on Combustion and Emission Characteristics in a CI Engine

Author

Listed:
  • Vikas Sharma

    (Aston Institute for Urban Technologies and the Environment (ASTUTE), Department of Mechanical, Biomedical & Design Engineering, College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK)

  • Abul K. Hossain

    (Aston Institute for Urban Technologies and the Environment (ASTUTE), Department of Mechanical, Biomedical & Design Engineering, College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK)

  • Ganesh Duraisamy

    (Internal Combustion Engine Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India)

Abstract

The fuel qualities of several biodiesels containing highly saturated, mono, and poly unsaturated fatty acids, as well as their combustion and exhaust emission characteristics, were studied. Six biodiesel samples were divided into two groups based on their fatty acid composition, including group 1 (coconut, castor, and jatropha) and group II (palm, karanja, and waste cooking oil biodiesel). All fuels (in both groups) were tested in a single-cylinder off-road diesel engine. Castor and karanja biodiesel, both rich in mono-unsaturation level, have a high viscosity of about 14.5 and 5.04 mm 2 /s, respectively. The coconut and palm biodiesels are rich in saturation level with cetane numbers of 62 and 60, respectively. In both groups, highly saturated and poly-unsaturated methyl esters presented better combustion efficiency and less formation of polluted emissions than mono-unsaturation. At full load, coconut and palm biodiesel displayed 38% and 10% advanced start of combustion, respectively, which reduced ignition delay by approximately 10% and 3%, respectively. Mono-unsaturated methyl esters exhibited a higher cylinder pressure and heat release rate, which results in higher NOx gas emissions. The group II biodiesels showed about 10–15% lower exhaust emissions owing to an optimum level of fatty acid composition. Our study concluded that highly saturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acid performed better than mono-unsaturated biodiesels for off-road engine application.

Suggested Citation

  • Vikas Sharma & Abul K. Hossain & Ganesh Duraisamy, 2021. "Experimental Investigation of Neat Biodiesels’ Saturation Level on Combustion and Emission Characteristics in a CI Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:5203-:d:619808
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/16/5203/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/16/5203/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rajesh, K. & Natarajan, M.P. & Devan, P.K. & Ponnuvel, S., 2021. "Coconut fatty acid distillate as novel feedstock for biodiesel production and its characterization as a fuel for diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1424-1435.
    2. Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Dhar, Atul, 2013. "Experimental investigations of performance, emission and combustion characteristics of Karanja oil blends fuelled DICI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 283-291.
    3. Nazia Hossain & Alyaa Nabihah Razali & Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia & Tamal Chowdhury & Hemal Chowdhury & Hwai Chyuan Ong & Abd Halim Shamsuddin & Arridina Susan Silitonga, 2019. "Experimental Investigation, Techno-Economic Analysis and Environmental Impact of Bioethanol Production from Banana Stem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-16, October.
    4. San José, J. & Sanz-Tejedor, M.A. & Arroyo, Y. & Stoychev, P., 2021. "Analysis of vegetable oil mixture combustion in a conventional 50 KW thermal energy installation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1133-1142.
    5. Ewunie, Gebresilassie Asnake & Morken, John & Lekang, Odd Ivar & Yigezu, Zerihun Demrew, 2021. "Factors affecting the potential of Jatropha curcas for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    6. Zhu, Lei & Cheung, C.S. & Huang, Zhen, 2016. "Impact of chemical structure of individual fatty acid esters on combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 305-320.
    7. Marieline Senave & Staf Roels & Stijn Verbeke & Evi Lambie & Dirk Saelens, 2019. "Sensitivity of Characterizing the Heat Loss Coefficient through On-Board Monitoring: A Case Study Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-29, August.
    8. Hossain, A.K. & Refahtalab, P. & Omran, A. & Smith, D.I. & Davies, P.A., 2020. "An experimental study on performance and emission characteristics of an IDI diesel engine operating with neat oil-diesel blend emulsion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1041-1050.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hammad Ahmad Jan & Igor Šurina & Akhtar Zaman & Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh & Fazli Rahim & Raja L. Al-Otaibi, 2022. "Synthesis of Biodiesel from Ricinus communis L. Seed Oil, a Promising Non-Edible Feedstock Using Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Catalyst," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Hossain, Abul Kalam & Sharma, Vikas & Serrano, Clara & Krishnasamy, Anand & Ganesh, Duraisamy, 2024. "Production of biofuel from AD digestate waste and their combustion characteristics in a low-speed diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    3. Hossain, Abul K. & Sharma, Vikas & Ahmad, Gulzar & Awotwe, Tabbi, 2023. "Energy outputs and emissions of biodiesels as a function of coolant temperature and composition," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Doppalapudi, A.T. & Azad, A.K. & Khan, M.M.K., 2021. "Combustion chamber modifications to improve diesel engine performance and reduce emissions: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    2. Dey, Subhashish & Sreenivasulu, Anduri & Veerendra, G.T.N. & Rao, K. Venkateswara & Babu, P.S.S. Anjaneya, 2022. "Renewable energy present status and future potentials in India: An overview," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 1(1).
    3. Asokan, M.A. & Senthur Prabu, S. & Bade, Pushpa Kiran Kumar & Nekkanti, Venkata Mukesh & Gutta, Sri Sai Gopal, 2019. "Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of juliflora biodiesel fuelled DI diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 883-892.
    4. Teoh, Y.H. & How, H.G. & Masjuki, H.H. & Nguyen, H.-T. & Kalam, M.A. & Alabdulkarem, A., 2019. "Investigation on particulate emissions and combustion characteristics of a common-rail diesel engine fueled with Moringa oleifera biodiesel-diesel blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 521-534.
    5. Elsayed Abdelhameed & Hiroshi Tashima, 2022. "EGR and Emulsified Fuel Combination Effects on the Combustion, Performance, and NOx Emissions in Marine Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-22, December.
    6. Sahu, Omprakash, 2021. "Appropriateness of rose (Rosa hybrida) for bioethanol conversion with enzymatic hydrolysis: Sustainable development on green fuel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    7. Yaliwal, V.S. & Banapurmath, N.R. & Gireesh, N.M. & Tewari, P.G., 2014. "Production and utilization of renewable and sustainable gaseous fuel for power generation applications: A review of literature," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 608-627.
    8. Christoffer Rasmussen & Peder Bacher & Davide Calì & Henrik Aalborg Nielsen & Henrik Madsen, 2020. "Method for Scalable and Automatised Thermal Building Performance Documentation and Screening," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-23, July.
    9. Reddy, M. Sarveshwar & Sharma, Nikhil & Agarwal, Avinash Kumar, 2016. "Effect of straight vegetable oil blends and biodiesel blends on wear of mechanical fuel injection equipment of a constant speed diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 1008-1018.
    10. Yaliwal, V.S. & Banapurmath, N.R. & Gireesh, N.M. & Hosmath, R.S. & Donateo, Teresa & Tewari, P.G., 2016. "Effect of nozzle and combustion chamber geometry on the performance of a diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode using renewable fuels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 483-501.
    11. Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Chandra Shukla, Pravesh & Patel, Chetankumar & Gupta, Jai Gopal & Sharma, Nikhil & Prasad, Rajesh Kumar & Agarwal, Rashmi A., 2016. "Unregulated emissions and health risk potential from biodiesel (KB5, KB20) and methanol blend (M5) fuelled transportation diesel engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 283-291.
    12. S K Narendranathan & K Sudhagar & R Karthikeyan, 2019. "Optimization of engine operating parameters suitable for punnai oil application in CI engine using Grey relational method," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(4), pages 732-751, June.
    13. Maleki, Basir & Esmaeili, Hossein, 2023. "Ultrasound-assisted conversion of waste frying oil into biodiesel using Al-doped ZnO nanocatalyst: Box-Behnken design-based optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 10-26.
    14. Sandouqa, Arwa & Al-Hamamre, Zayed, 2021. "Economical evaluation of jojoba cultivation for biodiesel production in Jordan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 1116-1132.
    15. Maleki, Basir & Ashraf Talesh, S. Siamak, 2022. "Optimization of ZnO incorporation to αFe2O3 nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for biodiesel production in a sonoreactor: Application on the CI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 43-59.
    16. Kumar, Shiva & Dinesha, P. & Bran, Ijas, 2017. "Influence of nanoparticles on the performance and emission characteristics of a biodiesel fuelled engine: An experimental analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 98-105.
    17. Mulkan, Andi & Mohd Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah & Husin, Husni & Ahmadi, & Dahlan, Irvan, 2024. "Performance and emissions assessment under full load operation of an unmodified diesel engine running on biodiesel-based waste cooking oil synthesized using JPW solid catalyst," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    18. Blin, J. & Brunschwig, C. & Chapuis, A. & Changotade, O. & Sidibe, S.S. & Noumi, E.S. & Girard, P., 2013. "Characteristics of vegetable oils for use as fuel in stationary diesel engines—Towards specifications for a standard in West Africa," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 580-597.
    19. Žvar Baškovič, Urban & Vihar, Rok & Seljak, Tine & Katrašnik, Tomaž, 2017. "Feasibility analysis of 100% tire pyrolysis oil in a common rail Diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 980-990.
    20. Maleki, Basir & Ashraf Talesh, S. Siamak, 2024. "Sustainable biodiesel production from wild oak (Quercus brantii Lindl) oil as a novel and potential feedstock via highly efficient Co@CuO nanocatalyst: RSM optimization and CI engine assessment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:5203-:d:619808. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.