IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i13p4021-d588187.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Harmonic Effects Due to the High Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation into a Distribution System

Author

Listed:
  • Jorge Luiz Moreira Pereira

    (Department of Engineering—Protection and Control, Eletrobras-Eletronorte System-OTLPV, Barcarena 68445-000, PA, Brazil)

  • Adonis Ferreira Raiol Leal

    (Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil)

  • Gabriel Oliveira de Almeida

    (Department of Project Engineering and Installation, Company Sansol Engineering, Belém 66053-360, PA, Brazil)

  • Maria Emília de Lima Tostes

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil)

Abstract

The growth in global electricity demand has expanded the search for new energy resources. Renewable sources such as photovoltaic (PV) systems have proven to be major alternatives. PV generators connected to distribution grids have exhibited significant growth in the last decade, so it is essential to analyse the impacts resulting from this increase. This work investigated the influence of high PV system penetration in distribution grids in terms of harmonic levels. In particular, this study addressed the distortions in voltage and current waveforms in the presence and absence of PV generators connected to a distribution grid. Additionally, the total harmonic content and the individual harmonic frequencies of voltage and current were analysed. This study was performed with an IEEE 37 bus distribution system and the Open Distribution System Simulator software (OpenDSS). The results show that the voltage limits of some phases far away from a substation can exceed the limits. Furthermore, the total harmonic distortion (THD) and individual harmonic distortion (IHD) levels for voltage and current were significantly high for harmonics of the 3rd, 5th, and 7th orders, where current levels violate the standard levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Luiz Moreira Pereira & Adonis Ferreira Raiol Leal & Gabriel Oliveira de Almeida & Maria Emília de Lima Tostes, 2021. "Harmonic Effects Due to the High Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation into a Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-25, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:4021-:d:588187
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/4021/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/4021/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. German Osma-Pinto & María García-Rodríguez & Jeisson Moreno-Vargas & Cesar Duarte-Gualdrón, 2020. "Impact Evaluation of Grid-Connected PV Systems on PQ Parameters by Comparative Analysis based on Inferential Statistics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-19, April.
    2. Colmenar-Santos, Antonio & Linares-Mena, Ana-Rosa & Molina-Ibáñez, Enrique-Luis & Rosales-Asensio, Enrique & Borge-Diez, David, 2020. "Technical challenges for the optimum penetration of grid-connected photovoltaic systems: Spain as a case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 2296-2305.
    3. Kharrazi, A. & Sreeram, V. & Mishra, Y., 2020. "Assessment techniques of the impact of grid-tied rooftop photovoltaic generation on the power quality of low voltage distribution network - A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    4. Patsalides, Minas & Efthymiou, Venizelos & Stavrou, Andreas & Georghiou, George E., 2016. "A generic transient PV system model for power quality studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 526-542.
    5. Kyritsis, A. & Voglitsis, D. & Papanikolaou, N. & Tselepis, S. & Christodoulou, C. & Gonos, I. & Kalogirou, S.A., 2017. "Evolution of PV systems in Greece and review of applicable solutions for higher penetration levels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 487-499.
    6. Seme, Sebastijan & Lukač, Niko & Štumberger, Bojan & Hadžiselimović, Miralem, 2017. "Power quality experimental analysis of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in urban distribution networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1261-1266.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Vergara, Pedro P. & Salazar, Mauricio & Mai, Tam T. & Nguyen, Phuong H. & Slootweg, Han, 2020. "A comprehensive assessment of PV inverters operating with droop control for overvoltage mitigation in LV distribution networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 172-183.
    2. Gökay Bayrak & Davut Ertekin & Hassan Haes Alhelou & Pierluigi Siano, 2021. "A Real-Time Energy Management System Design for a Developed PV-Based Distributed Generator Considering the Grid Code Requirements in Turkey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-21, October.
    3. Muhannad Alaraj & Anirudh Dube & Ibrahim Alsaidan & Mohammad Rizwan & Majid Jamil, 2021. "Design and Development of a Proficient Converter for Solar Photovoltaic Based Sustainable Power Generating System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-24, February.
    4. Sheha, Moataz & Mohammadi, Kasra & Powell, Kody, 2021. "Techno-economic analysis of the impact of dynamic electricity prices on solar penetration in a smart grid environment with distributed energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    5. Maria Fotopoulou & Panagiotis Pediaditis & Niki Skopetou & Dimitrios Rakopoulos & Sotirios Christopoulos & Avraam Kartalidis, 2024. "A Review of the Energy Storage Systems of Non-Interconnected European Islands," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-24, February.
    6. Mohamed Mohamed Khaleel & Mohd Rafi Adzman & Samila Mat Zali, 2021. "An Integrated of Hydrogen Fuel Cell to Distribution Network System: Challenging and Opportunity for D-STATCOM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, October.
    7. Ventosa-Cutillas, Antonio & Montero-Robina, Pablo & Cuesta, Federico & Gordillo, Francisco, 2020. "A simple modulation approach for interfacing three-level Neutral-Point-Clamped converters to the grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    8. Daiva Stanelyte & Virginijus Radziukynas, 2019. "Review of Voltage and Reactive Power Control Algorithms in Electrical Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-26, December.
    9. Paweł Kelm & Rozmysław Mieński & Irena Wasiak, 2024. "Modular PV System for Applications in Prosumer Installations with Uncontrolled, Unbalanced and Non-Linear Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-13, March.
    10. Manuel Flota-Bañuelos & Homero Miranda-Vidales & Bernardo Fernández & Luis J. Ricalde & A. Basam & J. Medina, 2022. "Harmonic Compensation via Grid-Tied Three-Phase Inverter with Variable Structure I&I Observer-Based Control Scheme," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-19, September.
    11. Dimitris Drikakis & Talib Dbouk, 2022. "The Role of Computational Science in Wind and Solar Energy: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-20, December.
    12. Gholami, M. & Sanjari, M.J., 2021. "Multiobjective energy management in battery-integrated home energy systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 967-975.
    13. Kongrit Mansiri & Sukruedee Sukchai & Chatchai Sirisamphanwong, 2018. "Fuzzy Control for Smart PV-Battery System Management to Stabilize Grid Voltage of 22 kV Distribution System in Thailand," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-19, July.
    14. Hwang, Hyunkyeong & Yoon, Ahyun & Yoon, Yongtae & Moon, Seungil, 2023. "Demand response of HVAC systems for hosting capacity improvement in distribution networks: A comprehensive review and case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    15. Francisco G. Montoya & Raul Baños & Alfredo Alcayde & Maria G. Montoya & Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro, 2018. "Power Quality: Scientific Collaboration Networks and Research Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, August.
    16. Bakdi, Azzeddine & Bounoua, Wahiba & Mekhilef, Saad & Halabi, Laith M., 2019. "Nonparametric Kullback-divergence-PCA for intelligent mismatch detection and power quality monitoring in grid-connected rooftop PV," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    17. Dionisis Voglitsis & Fotis Valsamas & Nick Papanikolaou & Aristotelis Tsimtsios & Ioannis Perpinias & Christos Korkas, 2020. "A Simple Strategy to Reduce the NDZ Caused by the Parallel Operation of DER-Inverters," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-15, January.
    18. Vincent Umoh & Innocent Davidson & Abayomi Adebiyi & Unwana Ekpe, 2023. "Methods and Tools for PV and EV Hosting Capacity Determination in Low Voltage Distribution Networks—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-25, April.
    19. Vassilis Stavrakas & Nikos Kleanthis & Alexandros Flamos, 2020. "An Ex-Post Assessment of RES-E Support in Greece by Investigating the Monetary Flows and the Causal Relationships in the Electricity Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-29, September.
    20. Heba M. Abdullah & Rashad M. Kamel & Anas Tahir & Azzam Sleit & Adel Gastli, 2020. "The Simultaneous Impact of EV Charging and PV Inverter Reactive Power on the Hosting Distribution System’s Performance: A Case Study in Kuwait," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:4021-:d:588187. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.