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An Integrated of Hydrogen Fuel Cell to Distribution Network System: Challenging and Opportunity for D-STATCOM

Author

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  • Mohamed Mohamed Khaleel

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
    Aeronautical Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Aviation, Misrata, Libya)

  • Mohd Rafi Adzman

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia)

  • Samila Mat Zali

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia)

Abstract

The electric power industry sector has become increasingly aware of how counterproductive voltage sag affects distribution network systems (DNS). The voltage sag backfires disastrously at the demand load side and affects equipment in DNS. To settle the voltage sag issue, this paper achieved its primary purpose to mitigate the voltage sag based on integrating a hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) with the DNS using a distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) system. Besides, this paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of D-STATCOM in DNS. In this paper, using HFC is well-designed, modeled, and simulated to mitigate the voltage sag in DNS with a positive impact on the environment and an immediate response to the issue of the injection of voltage. Furthermore, this modeling and controller are particularly suitable in terms of cost-effectiveness as well as reliability based on the adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), fuzzy logic system (FLC), and proportional–integral (P-I). The effectiveness of the MATLAB simulation is confirmed by implementing the system and carrying out a DNS connection, obtaining efficiencies over 94.5% at three-phase fault for values of injection voltage in HFC D-STATCOM using a P-I controller. Moreover, the HFC D-STATCOM using FLC proved capable of supporting the network by 97.00%. The HFC D-STATCOM based ANFIS proved capable of supporting the network by 98.00% in the DNS.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed Mohamed Khaleel & Mohd Rafi Adzman & Samila Mat Zali, 2021. "An Integrated of Hydrogen Fuel Cell to Distribution Network System: Challenging and Opportunity for D-STATCOM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7073-:d:667520
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    1. Lorena Espina-Romero & José Gregorio Noroño Sánchez & Humberto Gutiérrez Hurtado & Helga Dworaczek Conde & Yessenia Solier Castro & Luz Emérita Cervera Cajo & Jose Rio Corredoira, 2023. "Which Industrial Sectors Are Affected by Artificial Intelligence? A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Jesús C. Hernández & Carlos Andres Ramos-Paja & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2022. "A Discrete-Continuous PSO for the Optimal Integration of D-STATCOMs into Electrical Distribution Systems by Considering Annual Power Loss and Investment Costs," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(14), pages 1-16, July.

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