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Towards a Framework of Operational-Risk Assessment for a Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship

Author

Listed:
  • Cunlong Fan

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China)

  • Jakub Montewka

    (Research Group on Maritime Transportation Risk and Safety, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland)

  • Di Zhang

    (National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
    Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China)

Abstract

Global research interest in the domain of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) is dramatically increasing. With new prototypes planned to be set to the seas where various operational modes (OMs) are claimed, the issue of the safety evaluation of an MASS, and criteria for selecting the appropriate OM for given conditions remain open questions. This paper proposes a four-step risk-informed framework to assess risk in a scenario for an MASS operating at one of three OMs: manual control (MC), remote control (RC), and autonomous control (AC). To this end, the concept of risk priority numbers (RPNs), adopted from failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), is utilized. The required parameters to defined RPNs are obtained in the course of analyzing a model MASS accident with expert knowledge. The applicability of the proposed framework is demonstrated via a model MASS case study. Results reveal that, in the same scenario, the risk of MASS varied across the analyzed OMs. On the basis of the aggregated results for each operational mode, suggestions for OM switching are put forward.

Suggested Citation

  • Cunlong Fan & Jakub Montewka & Di Zhang, 2021. "Towards a Framework of Operational-Risk Assessment for a Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:3879-:d:583654
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sheng Liu & Xiaojie Guo & Lanyong Zhang, 2019. "An Improved Assessment Method for FMEA for a Shipboard Integrated Electric Propulsion System Using Fuzzy Logic and DEMATEL Theory," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Rajagopal, 2014. "The Human Factors," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Architecting Enterprise, chapter 9, pages 225-249, Palgrave Macmillan.
    3. Wróbel, Krzysztof & Montewka, Jakub & Kujala, Pentti, 2017. "Towards the assessment of potential impact of unmanned vessels on maritime transportation safety," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 155-169.
    4. Certa, Antonella & Hopps, Fabrizio & Inghilleri, Roberta & La Fata, Concetta Manuela, 2017. "A Dempster-Shafer Theory-based approach to the Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) under epistemic uncertainty: application to the propulsion system of a fishing vessel," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 69-79.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fan, Cunlong & Montewka, Jakub & Zhang, Di, 2022. "A risk comparison framework for autonomous ships navigation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    2. Elidolu, Gizem & Sezer, Sukru Ilke & Akyuz, Emre & Arslan, Ozcan & Arslanoglu, Yasin, 2023. "Operational risk assessment of ballasting and de-ballasting on-board tanker ship under FMECA extended Evidential Reasoning (ER) and Rule-based Bayesian Network (RBN) approach," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).

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