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Analytical Approach to Understanding the Effects of Implementing Fast-Frequency Response by Wind Turbines on the Short-Term Operation of Power Systems

Author

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  • Danny Ochoa

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Telecommunication−DEET, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador)

  • Sergio Martinez

    (Area of Electrical Engineering, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The significant presence of variable-speed wind turbines in worldwide power systems has led to planners and grid operators requiring them to participate in frequency control tasks. To address this demand, a large number of wind frequency control proposals have been reported in the literature in recent years. Many of these solutions have been tested by specific experiments carried out in computer simulation environments. This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the effects of enabling frequency support by wind turbines on the magnitudes that characterize the inertial response of a power system by using an analytical approach. The derived formulation and the illustrations are designed to provide a better understanding of both the mechanisms that determine the frequency stability indices and the improvement achieved by enabling the inertial response of wind turbines by implementing a virtual inertia-based method on the active power controllers of these machines. To facilitate the comprehension of the results obtained, the analytical approach is complemented with time-domain simulations in a predefined test system implemented in MATLAB/Simulink ® . The proposed methodology achieves a generalization of the results and can be used for the assessment of any power system configuration.

Suggested Citation

  • Danny Ochoa & Sergio Martinez, 2021. "Analytical Approach to Understanding the Effects of Implementing Fast-Frequency Response by Wind Turbines on the Short-Term Operation of Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-22, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:12:p:3660-:d:578111
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pradhan, Chittaranjan & Bhende, Chandrashekhar Narayan & Samanta, Anik Kumar, 2018. "Adaptive virtual inertia-based frequency regulation in wind power systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 558-574.
    2. Arash Abyaz & Habib Panahi & Reza Zamani & Hassan Haes Alhelou & Pierluigi Siano & Miadreza Shafie-khah & Mimmo Parente, 2019. "An Effective Passive Islanding Detection Algorithm for Distributed Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-19, August.
    3. Youngho Chang & Han Phoumin, 2021. "Harnessing Wind Energy Potential in ASEAN: Modelling and Policy Implications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    4. Tielens, Pieter & Van Hertem, Dirk, 2016. "The relevance of inertia in power systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 999-1009.
    5. Ana Fernández-Guillamón & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Ángel Molina-García & Jose Ignacio Sarasua, 2020. "An Adaptive Control Scheme for Variable Speed Wind Turbines Providing Frequency Regulation in Isolated Power Systems with Thermal Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, July.
    6. José Ignacio Sarasúa & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Carlos A. Platero & José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, 2018. "Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, October.
    7. Hassan Haes Alhelou & Mohamad-Esmail Hamedani-Golshan & Reza Zamani & Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani & Pierluigi Siano, 2018. "Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-35, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Matheus Schramm Dall’Asta & Telles Brunelli Lazzarin, 2023. "Small-Signal Modeling and Stability Analysis of a Grid-Following Inverter with Inertia Emulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-28, August.
    2. Xianbo Du & Jilai Yu, 2022. "A Singular Spectrum Analysis and Gaussian Process Regression-Based Prediction Method for Wind Power Frequency Regulation Potential," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-16, July.
    3. Gustavo Adolfo Gómez-Ramírez & Carlos Meza & Gonzalo Mora-Jiménez & José Rodrigo Rojas Morales & Luis García-Santander, 2023. "The Central American Power System: Achievements, Challenges, and Opportunities for a Green Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-20, May.
    4. Brian Loza & Luis I. Minchala & Danny Ochoa-Correa & Sergio Martinez, 2024. "Grid-Friendly Integration of Wind Energy: A Review of Power Forecasting and Frequency Control Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-22, November.
    5. Pablo Fernández-Bustamante & Oscar Barambones & Isidro Calvo & Cristian Napole & Mohamed Derbeli, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Response from Wind Farms: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.

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