IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i12p3566-d575509.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of Temperature and Nanoparticle Concentration on Free Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids

Author

Listed:
  • Janusz T. Cieśliński

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Institute of Energy, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80233 Gdańsk, Poland)

  • Slawomir Smolen

    (Faculty of Nature and Engineering, J.R. Mayer–Institute for Energy Engineering, City University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany)

  • Dorota Sawicka

    (Faculty of Nature and Engineering, J.R. Mayer–Institute for Energy Engineering, City University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany)

Abstract

A theoretical analysis of the influence of temperature and nanoparticle concentration on free convection heat transfer from a horizontal tube immersed in an unbounded nanofluid was presented. The Nusselt (Nu) number and heat transfer coefficient were parameters of the intensity of the convective heat transfer. For free convection, the Nu number was a function of the Rayleigh (Ra) number and Prandtl (Pr) number. The Rayleigh (Ra) number and Prandtl (Pr) number were functions of the thermophysical properties of nanofluids. The thermophysical properties of nanofluids varied with temperature and nanoparticle concentration. Therefore, an analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects on the performance of nanofluids due to variations of thermal conductivity, viscosity, thermal expansion, density, and specific heat, which are functions of nanoparticle concentration and temperature. Water- and ethylene glycol (EG)-based nanofluids with dispersed alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles at mass concentrations of 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% were considered. Calculated Nu numbers and heat transfer coefficients were compared with experimental values taken from the published literature.

Suggested Citation

  • Janusz T. Cieśliński & Slawomir Smolen & Dorota Sawicka, 2021. "Effect of Temperature and Nanoparticle Concentration on Free Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:12:p:3566-:d:575509
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/12/3566/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/12/3566/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mahesh Suresh Patil & Jae-Hyeong Seo & Suk-Ju Kang & Moo-Yeon Lee, 2016. "Review on Synthesis, Thermo-Physical Property, and Heat Transfer Mechanism of Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Huminic, Gabriela & Huminic, Angel, 2012. "Application of nanofluids in heat exchangers: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5625-5638.
    3. Yiamsawas, Thaklaew & Mahian, Omid & Dalkilic, Ahmet Selim & Kaewnai, Suthep & Wongwises, Somchai, 2013. "Experimental studies on the viscosity of TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles suspended in a mixture of ethylene glycol and water for high temperature applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 40-45.
    4. Janusz T. Cieśliński & Slawomir Smolen & Dorota Sawicka, 2021. "Free Convection Heat Transfer from Horizontal Cylinders," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, January.
    5. Shahrul, I.M. & Mahbubul, I.M. & Khaleduzzaman, S.S. & Saidur, R. & Sabri, M.F.M., 2014. "A comparative review on the specific heat of nanofluids for energy perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 88-98.
    6. Sajid, Muhammad Usman & Ali, Hafiz Muhammad, 2019. "Recent advances in application of nanofluids in heat transfer devices: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 556-592.
    7. Javed, Samina & Ali, Hafiz Muhammad & Babar, Hamza & Khan, Muhammad Sajid & Janjua, Muhammad Mansoor & Bashir, Muhammad Anser, 2020. "Internal convective heat transfer of nanofluids in different flow regimes: A comprehensive review," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 538(C).
    8. Dorota Sawicka & Janusz T. Cieśliński & Slawomir Smolen, 2021. "Experimental Investigation of Free Convection Heat Transfer from Horizontal Cylinder to Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-14, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Rajendra S. Rajpoot & Shanmugam. Dhinakaran & Md. Mahbub Alam, 2021. "Numerical Analysis of Mixed Convective Heat Transfer from a Square Cylinder Utilizing Nanofluids with Multi-Phase Modelling Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Janusz T. Cieśliński & Dawid Lubocki & Slawomir Smolen, 2022. "Impact of Temperature and Nanoparticle Concentration on Turbulent Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-22, October.
    3. Dorota Sawicka & Janusz T. Cieśliński & Slawomir Smolen, 2021. "Experimental Investigation of Free Convection Heat Transfer from Horizontal Cylinder to Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-14, May.
    4. Xu, Yanyan & Xue, Yanqin & Qi, Hong & Cai, Weihua, 2021. "An updated review on working fluids, operation mechanisms, and applications of pulsating heat pipes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    5. Sarkar, Jahar & Ghosh, Pradyumna & Adil, Arjumand, 2015. "A review on hybrid nanofluids: Recent research, development and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 164-177.
    6. Luke Jurgen Briffa & Charise Cutajar & Tonio Sant & Daniel Buhagiar, 2022. "Numerical Modeling of the Thermal Behavior of Subsea Hydro-Pneumatic Energy Storage Accumulators Using Air and CO 2," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-20, November.
    7. Ambreen, Tehmina & Kim, Man-Hoe, 2018. "Heat transfer and pressure drop correlations of nanofluids: A state of art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 564-583.
    8. Florent Bunjaku & Risto V. Filkoski, 2023. "Optimisation of Thermal and Geometric Parameters of Cylindrical Fins during Natural Convection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-14, February.
    9. Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Varamesh, Amir & Husein, Maen M. & Karan, Kunal, 2018. "On the evaluation of the viscosity of nanofluid systems: Modeling and data assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 313-329.
    10. Akilu, Suleiman & Sharma, K.V. & Baheta, Aklilu Tesfamichael & Mamat, Rizalman, 2016. "A review of thermophysical properties of water based composite nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 654-678.
    11. Shah, Tayyab Raza & Ali, Hafiz Muhammad & Zhou, Chao & Babar, Hamza & Janjua, Muhammad Mansoor & Doranehgard, Mohammad Hossein & Hussain, Abid & Sajjad, Uzair & Wang, Chi-Chuan & Sultan, Muhamad, 2022. "Potential evaluation of water-based ferric oxide (Fe2O3-water) nanocoolant: An experimental study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    12. Mikhail A. Sheremet & Hakan F. Oztop & Dmitriy V. Gvozdyakov & Mohamed E. Ali, 2018. "Impacts of Heat-Conducting Solid Wall and Heat-Generating Element on Free Convection of Al 2 O 3 /H 2 O Nanofluid in a Cavity with Open Border," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, December.
    13. Jani, Hardik K. & Modi, Kalpesh V., 2018. "A review on numerous means of enhancing heat transfer rate in solar-thermal based desalination devices," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 302-317.
    14. Rasheed, A.K. & Khalid, M. & Rashmi, W. & Gupta, T.C.S.M. & Chan, A., 2016. "Graphene based nanofluids and nanolubricants – Review of recent developments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 346-362.
    15. Fatih Selimefendigil & Hakan F. Oztop & Mikhail A. Sheremet, 2021. "Thermoelectric Generation with Impinging Nano-Jets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-24, January.
    16. Chen, Meijie & He, Yurong & Zhu, Jiaqi & Wen, Dongsheng, 2016. "Investigating the collector efficiency of silver nanofluids based direct absorption solar collectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 65-74.
    17. Azmi, W.H. & Sharif, M.Z. & Yusof, T.M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Redhwan, A.A.M., 2017. "Potential of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant on energy saving in refrigeration system – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 415-428.
    18. Maciej Zdanowski, 2022. "Streaming Electrification of C 60 Fullerene Doped Insulating Liquids for Power Transformers Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    19. Ahmed, Waqar & Kazi, S.N. & Chowdhury, Z.Z. & Johan, Mohd Rafie Bin & Mehmood, Shahid & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Mujtaba, M.A. & Gul, M. & Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel, 2021. "Heat transfer growth of sonochemically synthesized novel mixed metal oxide ZnO+Al2O3+TiO2/DW based ternary hybrid nanofluids in a square flow conduit," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    20. Rostami, Sara & Afrand, Masoud & Shahsavar, Amin & Sheikholeslami, M. & Kalbasi, Rasool & Aghakhani, Saeed & Shadloo, Mostafa Safdari & Oztop, Hakan F., 2020. "A review of melting and freezing processes of PCM/nano-PCM and their application in energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:12:p:3566-:d:575509. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.