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Energy Consumption Analysis for Vehicle Production through a Material Flow Approach

Author

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  • Fernando Enzo Kenta Sato

    (Cyclical Resource Promotion Division, Honda Motor Co., Ltd., Wako 351-0114, Japan
    Department of Management Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan)

  • Toshihiko Nakata

    (Department of Management Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the energy consumption in the automotive industry, clarifying the effect of its productive processes. For this propose, the material flow of the vehicles has been elaborated, from mining to vehicle assembly. Initially, processes where each type of material was used, and the relationship between them, were clarified. Subsequently, material flow was elaborated, while considering materials input in each process. Consequently, the consumption of energy resources (i.e., oil, natural gas, coal, and electricity) was calculated. Open data were utilized, and the effects on the Japanese vehicle market were analyzed as a case study. Our results indicate that the energy that is required for vehicle production is 41.8 MJ/kg per vehicle, where mining and material production processes represent 68% of the total consumption. Moreover, 5.23 kg of raw materials and energy resources are required to produce 1 kg of vehicle. Finally, this study proposed values of energy consumption per mass of part produced, which can be used to facilitate future material and energy analysis for the automotive industry. Those values can be adopted and modified as necessary, allowing for possible changes in future premises to be incorporated.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernando Enzo Kenta Sato & Toshihiko Nakata, 2020. "Energy Consumption Analysis for Vehicle Production through a Material Flow Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2396-:d:356678
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viñoles-Cebolla, Rosario & Bastante-Ceca, María José & Capuz-Rizo, Salvador F., 2015. "An integrated method to calculate an automobile's emissions throughout its life cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 125-136.
    2. Yang, Zijun & Wang, Bowen & Jiao, Kui, 2020. "Life cycle assessment of fuel cell, electric and internal combustion engine vehicles under different fuel scenarios and driving mileages in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    3. Sato, Fernando Enzo Kenta & Furubayashi, Takaaki & Nakata, Toshihiko, 2019. "Application of energy and CO2 reduction assessments for end-of-life vehicles recycling in Japan," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 779-794.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kai Rüdele & Matthias Wolf, 2023. "Identification and Reduction of Product Carbon Footprints: Case Studies from the Austrian Automotive Supplier Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-24, October.
    2. Naoya Shigeta & Seyed Ehsan Hosseini, 2020. "Sustainable Development of the Automobile Industry in the United States, Europe, and Japan with Special Focus on the Vehicles’ Power Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-32, December.
    3. Salvatore Martelli & Francesco Mocera & Aurelio Somà, 2023. "Carbon Footprint of an Orchard Tractor through a Life-Cycle Assessment Approach," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-22, June.
    4. Iwona Paprocka & Damian Krenczyk, 2023. "On Energy Consumption and Productivity in a Mixed-Model Assembly Line Sequencing Problem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-19, October.
    5. Zhang, Bo & Zhang, Jiangyan & Shen, Tielong, 2022. "Optimal control design for comfortable-driving of hybrid electric vehicles in acceleration mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    6. Samantha Heiberg & Emily Emond & Cody Allen & Dheeraj Raya & Venkataramana Gadhamshetty & Saurabh Sudha Dhiman & Achyuth Ravilla & Ilke Celik, 2023. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Autonomous Transportation Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-13, June.
    7. Pérez Sánchez, Laura À. & Velasco-Fernández, Raúl & Giampietro, Mario, 2024. "Analyzing the energy metabolism of the automotive industry to study the differences found in this sector across EU countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    8. Lisa Winkler & Drew Pearce & Jenny Nelson & Oytun Babacan, 2023. "The effect of sustainable mobility transition policies on cumulative urban transport emissions and energy demand," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    9. Urbano, Eva M. & Martinez-Viol, Victor & Kampouropoulos, Konstantinos & Romeral, Luis, 2021. "Energy equipment sizing and operation optimisation for prosumer industrial SMEs – A lifetime approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).

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