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A Novel RC-Based Architecture for Cell Equalization in Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Alfredo Alvarez-Diazcomas

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Adyr A. Estévez-Bén

    (Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Miguel-Angel Martínez-Prado

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jorge D. Mendiola-Santíbañez

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Nowadays, research on electric vehicles is increasing because they have the potential to decrease greenhouse-gas emissions dramatically in the transport sector. For these types of vehicles, the battery is one of the main components. The traction system needs a cell series connection to fulfill the energy requirements. Nevertheless, batteries differ from each other due to a normal dispersion in their capacity, internal resistance, and self-discharge rate. This paper presents a novel battery equalizer circuit using an RC-based topology to equalize two adjacent cells of a battery pack. It has the advantage of merging a resistor-based equalizer, a capacitor-based equalizer, and an RC-based equalizer in one circuit. In this way, it is possible to limit the current stress in the components of the circuit. The proposed method increases the equalization time by 35% for a threshold current of 4 A. However, it is possible design the system for another threshold current. Finally, the complexity of the controller is not compromised in the proposed architecture. The operation, analysis, and design of the architecture are presented and compared to the classic schemes. The theoretical analysis is validated through simulation results.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfredo Alvarez-Diazcomas & Adyr A. Estévez-Bén & Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz & Miguel-Angel Martínez-Prado & Jorge D. Mendiola-Santíbañez, 2020. "A Novel RC-Based Architecture for Cell Equalization in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2349-:d:355491
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Feng, Fei & Hu, Xiaosong & Hu, Lin & Hu, Fengling & Li, Yang & Zhang, Lei, 2019. "Propagation mechanisms and diagnosis of parameter inconsistency within Li-Ion battery packs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 102-113.
    2. Hannan, M.A. & Lipu, M.S.H. & Hussain, A. & Mohamed, A., 2017. "A review of lithium-ion battery state of charge estimation and management system in electric vehicle applications: Challenges and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 834-854.
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    4. Mohamed Daowd & Mailier Antoine & Noshin Omar & Peter Van den Bossche & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2013. "Single Switched Capacitor Battery Balancing System Enhancements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-26, April.
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    6. Alfredo Alvarez-Diazcomas & Héctor López & Roberto V. Carrillo-Serrano & Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz & Nimrod Vázquez & Gilberto Herrera-Ruiz, 2019. "A Novel Integrated Topology to Interface Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energies with the Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-21, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pampa Sinha & Kaushik Paul & Sanchari Deb & Sulabh Sachan, 2023. "Comprehensive Review Based on the Impact of Integrating Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources to the Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-39, March.

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