IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i8p1946-d345931.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effect of the NaCl Bulk Concentration on the Resistance of Ion Exchange Membranes—Measuring and Modeling

Author

Listed:
  • Joost Veerman

    (REDstack bv, Graaf Adolfstraat 35-G, 8606 BT Sneek, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Ion exchange membranes are used in different fields of energy and separation technology such as electrodialysis, reverse electrodialysis, and fuel cells. Important aspects are permselectivity, resistance, and water transport. In this paper, we focus on the effect of the bulk NaCl concentration on the membrane resistance. Data from 36 publications containing 145 datasets using 6 different methods for measuring membrane resistance were compared. This study showed that the membrane resistance is dependent on the method of measuring. Two probable causes are identified: the application of reference electrodes and the presence of direct electrode–membrane contact. In addition, three physical and three phenomenological membrane models were tested by fitting these to the datasets. First, fits in the resistance domain were compared with fits in the conductivity domain. Resistance fits are sensitive to fluctuations in low concentrations, whereas fits in the conductivity domain are subject to nonlinear responses at high concentration. Resistance fits resulted in higher coefficients of determination (R 2 ). Then, the six models were compared. The 1-thread model with two fit parameters was in almost all cases a good start. More improvements were difficult to test due to the restricted number of data points in most of the used publications, although this study shows that the so-called Gierke model (with 4 parameters) fits better than the 3-thread model. Phenomenological models were also tested, but they did not lead to much better fits.

Suggested Citation

  • Joost Veerman, 2020. "The Effect of the NaCl Bulk Concentration on the Resistance of Ion Exchange Membranes—Measuring and Modeling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:8:p:1946-:d:345931
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/8/1946/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/8/1946/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tufa, Ramato Ashu & Pawlowski, Sylwin & Veerman, Joost & Bouzek, Karel & Fontananova, Enrica & di Profio, Gianluca & Velizarov, Svetlozar & Goulão Crespo, João & Nijmeijer, Kitty & Curcio, Efrem, 2018. "Progress and prospects in reverse electrodialysis for salinity gradient energy conversion and storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 290-331.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Soo-Jin Han & Jin-Soo Park, 2021. "Understanding Membrane Fouling in Electrically Driven Energy Conversion Devices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jesus Nahum Hernandez-Perez & Marco Antonio Hernández-Nochebuena & Jéssica González-Scott & Rosa de Guadalupe González-Huerta & José Luis Reyes-Rodríguez & Alfredo Ortiz, 2023. "Assessment of Data Capture Conditions Effect on Reverse Electrodialysis Process Using a DC Electronic Load," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Chen, Man & Mei, Ying & Yu, Yuqing & Zeng, Raymond Jianxiong & Zhang, Fang & Zhou, Shungui & Tang, Chuyang Y., 2019. "An internal-integrated RED/ED system for energy-saving seawater desalination: A model study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 139-148.
    3. Giuseppe Battaglia & Luigi Gurreri & Andrea Cipollina & Antonina Pirrotta & Svetlozar Velizarov & Michele Ciofalo & Giorgio Micale, 2019. "Fluid–Structure Interaction and Flow Redistribution in Membrane-Bounded Channels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-25, November.
    4. Avci, Ahmet H. & Tufa, Ramato A. & Fontananova, Enrica & Di Profio, Gianluca & Curcio, Efrem, 2018. "Reverse Electrodialysis for energy production from natural river water and seawater," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 512-521.
    5. Tufa, Ramato Ashu & Noviello, Ylenia & Di Profio, Gianluca & Macedonio, Francesca & Ali, Aamer & Drioli, Enrico & Fontananova, Enrica & Bouzek, Karel & Curcio, Efrem, 2019. "Integrated membrane distillation-reverse electrodialysis system for energy-efficient seawater desalination," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Santoro, Sergio & Tufa, Ramato Ashu & Avci, Ahmet Halil & Fontananova, Enrica & Di Profio, Gianluca & Curcio, Efrem, 2021. "Fouling propensity in reverse electrodialysis operated with hypersaline brine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    7. Abreham Tesfaye Besha & Misgina Tilahun Tsehaye & Girum Ayalneh Tiruye & Abaynesh Yihdego Gebreyohannes & Aymere Awoke & Ramato Ashu Tufa, 2020. "Deployable Membrane-Based Energy Technologies: the Ethiopian Prospect," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-33, October.
    8. Culcasi, Andrea & Gurreri, Luigi & Zaffora, Andrea & Cosenza, Alessandro & Tamburini, Alessandro & Micale, Giorgio, 2020. "On the modelling of an Acid/Base Flow Battery: An innovative electrical energy storage device based on pH and salinity gradients," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    9. Jung, Hyunjun & Subban, Chinmayee V. & McTigue, Joshua Dominic & Martinez, Jayson J. & Copping, Andrea E. & Osorio, Julian & Liu, Jian & Deng, Z. Daniel, 2022. "Extracting energy from ocean thermal and salinity gradients to power unmanned underwater vehicles: State of the art, current limitations, and future outlook," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    10. Girum Ayalneh Tiruye & Abreham Tesfaye Besha & Yedilfana Setarge Mekonnen & Natei Ermias Benti & Gebrehiwet Abrham Gebreslase & Ramato Ashu Tufa, 2021. "Opportunities and Challenges of Renewable Energy Production in Ethiopia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-25, September.
    11. Zhen Zhang & Preeti Bhauriyal & Hafeesudeen Sahabudeen & Zhiyong Wang & Xiaohui Liu & Mike Hambsch & Stefan C. B. Mannsfeld & Renhao Dong & Thomas Heine & Xinliang Feng, 2022. "Cation-selective two-dimensional polyimine membranes for high-performance osmotic energy conversion," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    12. Giacalone, F. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G. & Cipollina, A., 2019. "Application of reverse electrodialysis to site-specific types of saline solutions: A techno-economic assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 532-547.
    13. Milad Shadman & Corbiniano Silva & Daiane Faller & Zhijia Wu & Luiz Paulo de Freitas Assad & Luiz Landau & Carlos Levi & Segen F. Estefen, 2019. "Ocean Renewable Energy Potential, Technology, and Deployments: A Case Study of Brazil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-37, September.
    14. Zhang, Yongwen & Wu, Xi & Sun, Dexin & Wang, Sixue & Xu, Shiming, 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of conversing the low-grade heat to hydrogen by using reverse electrodialysis – Air gap diffusion distillation coupled method for iron and steel industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    15. Zhao, Yanan & Li, Mingliang & Long, Rui & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Dynamic modeling and analysis of an advanced adsorption-based osmotic heat engines to harvest solar energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 638-649.
    16. Jiao, Yanmei & Yang, Chun & Zhang, Wenyao & Wang, Qiuwang & Zhao, Cunlu, 2024. "A review on direct osmotic power generation: Mechanism and membranes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    17. Olkis, C. & Santori, G. & Brandani, S., 2018. "An Adsorption Reverse Electrodialysis system for the generation of electricity from low-grade heat," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 222-234.
    18. Ortega-Delgado, B. & Giacalone, F. & Cipollina, A. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G., 2019. "Boosting the performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis – Multi-Effect Distillation Heat Engine by novel solutions and operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    19. Elizabeth I. Obode & Ahmed Badreldin & Samer Adham & Marcelo Castier & Ahmed Abdel-Wahab, 2022. "Techno-Economic Analysis towards Full-Scale Pressure Retarded Osmosis Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-24, December.
    20. Liang, Mengjun & Karthick, Ramalingam & Wei, Qiang & Dai, Jinhong & Jiang, Zhuosheng & Chen, Xuncai & Oo, Than Zaw & Aung, Su Htike & Chen, Fuming, 2022. "The progress and prospect of the solar-driven photoelectrochemical desalination," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:8:p:1946-:d:345931. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.