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Technical and Economic Analysis of One-Stop Charging Stations for Battery and Fuel Cell EV with Renewable Energy Sources

Author

Listed:
  • Saumya Bansal

    (Institute of Engineering, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, 9747 AS Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Yi Zong

    (Center for Electric Power and Energy, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Shi You

    (Center for Electric Power and Energy, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Lucian Mihet-Popa

    (Faculty of Engineering, Oestfold University College, 1671 Fredrikstad, Norway)

  • Jinsheng Xiao

    (School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China)

Abstract

Currently, most of the vehicles make use of fossil fuels for operations, resulting in one of the largest sources of carbon dioxide emissions. The need to cut our dependency on these fossil fuels has led to an increased use of renewable energy sources (RESs) for mobility purposes. A technical and economic analysis of a one-stop charging station for battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) is investigated in this paper. The hybrid optimization model for electric renewables (HOMER) software and the heavy-duty refueling station analysis model (HDRSAM) are used to conduct the case study for a one-stop charging station at Technical University of Denmark (DTU)-Risø campus. Using HOMER, a total of 42 charging station scenarios are analyzed by considering two systems (a grid-connected system and an off-grid connected system). For each system three different charging station designs (design A-hydrogen load; design B-an electrical load, and design C-an integrated system consisting of both hydrogen and electrical load) are set up for analysis. Furthermore, seven potential wind turbines with different capacity are selected from HOMER database for each system. Using HDRSAM, a total 18 scenarios are analyzed with variation in hydrogen delivery option, production volume, hydrogen dispensing option and hydrogen dispensing option. The optimal solution from HOMER for a lifespan of twenty-five years is integrated into design C with the grid-connected system whose cost was $986,065. For HDRSAM, the optimal solution design consists of tube trailer as hydrogen delivery with cascade dispensing option at 350 bar together with high production volume and the cost of the system was $452,148. The results from the two simulation tools are integrated and the overall cost of the one-stop charging station is achieved which was $2,833,465. The analysis demonstrated that the one-stop charging station with a grid connection is able to fulfil the charging demand cost-effectively and environmentally friendly for an integrated energy system with RESs in the investigated locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Saumya Bansal & Yi Zong & Shi You & Lucian Mihet-Popa & Jinsheng Xiao, 2020. "Technical and Economic Analysis of One-Stop Charging Stations for Battery and Fuel Cell EV with Renewable Energy Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2855-:d:366940
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lucian Mihet-Popa & Sergio Saponara, 2018. "Toward Green Vehicles Digitalization for the Next Generation of Connected and Electrified Transport Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-24, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Naoya Shigeta & Seyed Ehsan Hosseini, 2020. "Sustainable Development of the Automobile Industry in the United States, Europe, and Japan with Special Focus on the Vehicles’ Power Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-32, December.
    2. Yang, Shuai & Yuan, Jun & Nian, Victor & Li, Lu & Li, Hailong, 2022. "Economics of marinised offshore charging stations for electrifying the maritime sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    3. Lukáš Dvořáček & Martin Horák & Jaroslav Knápek, 2022. "Simulation of Electric Vehicle Charging Points Based on Efficient Use of Chargers and Using Recuperated Braking Energy from Trains," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-28, January.
    4. Li, Chong & Zheng, Yuan & Li, Zhengyong & Zhang, Lei & Zhang, Lin & Shan, Yicai & Tang, Qinghui, 2021. "Techno-economic and environmental evaluation of grid-connected and off-grid hybrid intermittent power generation systems: A case study of a mild humid subtropical climate zone in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    5. Mohammed Yousri Silaa & Mohamed Derbeli & Oscar Barambones & Ali Cheknane, 2020. "Design and Implementation of High Order Sliding Mode Control for PEMFC Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Olivier Bethoux, 2020. "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Road Vehicles: State of the Art and Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-28, November.
    7. Hosein Kalantari & Seyed Ali Ghoreishi-Madiseh & Agus P. Sasmito, 2020. "Hybrid Renewable Hydrogen Energy Solution for Application in Remote Mines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-22, December.
    8. Lucian Mihet-Popa & Sergio Saponara, 2021. "Power Converters, Electric Drives and Energy Storage Systems for Electrified Transportation and Smart Grid Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-5, July.
    9. Jieun Ihm & Bilal Amghar & Sejin Chun & Herie Park, 2023. "Optimum Design of an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Using a Renewable Power Generation System in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-16, June.
    10. Olivier Bethoux, 2020. "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Road Vehicles and Their Infrastructure: An Option towards an Environmentally Friendly Energy Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-27, November.

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