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CFD Analysis of the Fuel–Air Mixture Formation Process in Passive Prechambers for Use in a High-Pressure Direct Injection (HPDI) Two-Stroke Engine

Author

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  • Marco Ciampolini

    (Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy)

  • Simone Bigalli

    (Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy)

  • Francesco Balduzzi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy)

  • Alessandro Bianchini

    (Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy)

  • Luca Romani

    (Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy)

  • Giovanni Ferrara

    (Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy)

Abstract

The research on two-stroke engines has been focused lately on the development of direct injection systems for reducing the emissions of hydrocarbons by minimizing the fuel short-circuiting. Low temperature combustion (LTC) may be the next step to further improve emissions and fuel consumption; however, LTC requires unconventional ignition systems. Jet ignition, i.e., the use of prechambers to accelerate the combustion process, turned out to be an effective way to perform LTC. The present work aims at proving the feasibility of adopting passive prechambers in a high-pressure, direct injection, two-stroke engine through non-reactive computational fluid dynamics analyses. The goal of the analysis is the evaluation of the prechamber performance in terms of both scavenging efficiency of burnt gases and fuel/air mixture formation inside the prechamber volume itself, in order to guarantee the mixture ignitability. Two prechamber geometries, featuring different aspect ratios and orifice numbers, were investigated. The analyses were replicated for two different locations of the injection and for three operating conditions of the engine in terms of revolution speed and load. Upon examination of the results, the effectiveness of both prechambers was found to be strongly dependent on the injection setup.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Ciampolini & Simone Bigalli & Francesco Balduzzi & Alessandro Bianchini & Luca Romani & Giovanni Ferrara, 2020. "CFD Analysis of the Fuel–Air Mixture Formation Process in Passive Prechambers for Use in a High-Pressure Direct Injection (HPDI) Two-Stroke Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2846-:d:366830
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gentz, Gerald & Gholamisheeri, Masumeh & Toulson, Elisa, 2017. "A study of a turbulent jet ignition system fueled with iso-octane: Pressure trace analysis and combustion visualization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 385-394.
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    Cited by:

    1. Viktor Dilber & Momir Sjerić & Rudolf Tomić & Josip Krajnović & Sara Ugrinić & Darko Kozarac, 2022. "Optimization of Pre-Chamber Geometry and Operating Parameters in a Turbulent Jet Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Qinglin Zhang & Zhaoping Xu & Shuangshuang Liu & Liang Liu, 2020. "Effects of Injector Spray Angle on Performance of an Opposed-Piston Free-Piston Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-17, July.

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