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Effect of Fins on the Internal Flow Characteristics in the Draft Tube of a Francis Turbine Model

Author

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  • Seung-Jun Kim

    (Industrial Technology (Green Process and Energy System Engineering), Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
    Clean Energy R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea)

  • Young-Seok Choi

    (Industrial Technology (Green Process and Energy System Engineering), Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
    Clean Energy R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea)

  • Yong Cho

    (K-water Convergence Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Daejeon 34045, Korea)

  • Jong-Woong Choi

    (K-water Convergence Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Daejeon 34045, Korea)

  • Jung-Jae Hyun

    (K-water Convergence Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Daejeon 34045, Korea
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea)

  • Won-Gu Joo

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea)

  • Jin-Hyuk Kim

    (Industrial Technology (Green Process and Energy System Engineering), Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
    Clean Energy R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea)

Abstract

Undesirable flow phenomena in Francis turbines are caused by pressure fluctuations induced under conditions of low flow rate; the resulting vortex ropes with precession in the draft tube (DT) can degrade performance and increase the instability of turbine operations. To suppress these DT flow instabilities, flow deflectors, grooves, or other structures are often added to the DT into which air or water is injected. This preliminary study investigates the effects of anti-cavity fins on the suppression of vortex ropes in DTs without air injection. Unsteady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes analyses were conducted using a scale-adaptive simulation shear stress transport turbulence model to observe the unsteady internal flow and pressure characteristics by applying anti-cavity fins in the DT of a Francis turbine model. A vortex rope with precession was observed in the DT under conditions of low flow rate, and the anti-cavity fins were confirmed to affect the mitigation of the vortex rope. Moreover, at the low flow rate conditions under which the vortex rope developed, the application of anti-cavity fins was confirmed to reduce the maximum unsteady pressure.

Suggested Citation

  • Seung-Jun Kim & Young-Seok Choi & Yong Cho & Jong-Woong Choi & Jung-Jae Hyun & Won-Gu Joo & Jin-Hyuk Kim, 2020. "Effect of Fins on the Internal Flow Characteristics in the Draft Tube of a Francis Turbine Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-23, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2806-:d:366070
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhenmu Chen & Patrick M. Singh & Young-Do Choi, 2016. "Francis Turbine Blade Design on the Basis of Port Area and Loss Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-12, March.
    2. KC, Anup & Lee, Young Ho & Thapa, Bhola, 2016. "CFD study on prediction of vortex shedding in draft tube of Francis turbine and vortex control techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 1406-1421.
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    Cited by:

    1. Raul-Alexandru Szakal & Alexandru Doman & Sebastian Muntean, 2021. "Influence of the Reshaped Elbow on the Unsteady Pressure Field in a Simplified Geometry of the Draft Tube," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Zhou, Xing & Shi, Changzheng & Miyagawa, Kazuyoshi & Wu, Hegao, 2021. "Effect of modified draft tube with inclined conical diffuser on flow instabilities in Francis turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 606-617.
    3. Shahzer, Mohammad Abu & Kim, Jin-Hyuk, 2024. "Investigation of role of fins in a Francis turbine model's cavitation-induced instabilities under design and off-design conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).

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