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Numerical Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Hyperloop System

Author

Listed:
  • Jae-Sung Oh

    (Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea)

  • Taehak Kang

    (Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea)

  • Seokgyun Ham

    (Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea)

  • Kwan-Sup Lee

    (Hyper Tube Express (HTX) Research Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 16105, Korea)

  • Yong-Jun Jang

    (Hyper Tube Express (HTX) Research Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 16105, Korea)

  • Hong-Sun Ryou

    (Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea)

  • Jaiyoung Ryu

    (Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea)

Abstract

The Hyperloop system is a new concept that allows a train to travel through a near-vacuum tunnel at transonic speeds. Aerodynamic drag is one of the most important factors in analyzing such systems. The blockage ratio (BR), pod speed/length, tube pressure, and temperature affect the aerodynamic drag, but the specific relationships between the drag and these parameters have not yet been comprehensively examined. In this study, we investigated the flow phenomena of a Hyperloop system, focusing on the effects of changes in the above parameters. Two-dimensional axisymmetric simulations were performed in a large parameter space covering various BR values (0.25, 0.36), pod lengths (10.75–86 m), pod speeds (50–350 m/s), tube pressures (~100–1000 Pa), and tube temperatures (275–325 K). As BR increased, the pressure drag was significantly affected. This is because of the smaller critical Mach number for a larger BR. As the pod length increased, the total drag and pressure drag did not change significantly, but there was a considerable influence on the friction drag. As the pod speed increased, strong shock waves occurred near the end of the pod. At this point, the flows around the pod were severely choked at both BR values, and the ratio of the pressure drag to the total drag converged to its saturation level. At tube pressures above 500 Pa, the friction drag increased significantly under the rapidly increased turbulence intensity near the pod surface. High tube temperatures increase the speed of sound, and this reduces the Mach number for the same pod speed, consequently delaying the onset of choking and reducing the aerodynamic drag. The results presented in this study are applicable to the fundamental design of the proposed Hyperloop system.

Suggested Citation

  • Jae-Sung Oh & Taehak Kang & Seokgyun Ham & Kwan-Sup Lee & Yong-Jun Jang & Hong-Sun Ryou & Jaiyoung Ryu, 2019. "Numerical Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Hyperloop System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:518-:d:203955
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mohammed Abdulla & Khalid A. Juhany, 2022. "A Rapid Solver for the Prediction of Flow-Field of High-Speed Vehicle Moving in a Tube," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Jungyoul Lim & Chang-Young Lee & Jin-Ho Lee & Wonhee You & Kwan-Sup Lee & Suyong Choi, 2020. "Design Model of Null-Flux Coil Electrodynamic Suspension for the Hyperloop," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Thi Thanh Giang Le & Kyeong Sik Jang & Kwan-Sup Lee & Jaiyoung Ryu, 2020. "Numerical Investigation of Aerodynamic Drag and Pressure Waves in Hyperloop Systems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-23, November.
    4. Jinho Lee & Wonhee You & Jungyoul Lim & Kwan-Sup Lee & Jae-Yong Lim, 2021. "Development of the Reduced-Scale Vehicle Model for the Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of the Hyperloop," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-13, June.
    5. Thanh Dam Mai & Jaiyoung Ryu, 2021. "Effects of Damaged Rotor Blades on the Aerodynamic Behavior and Heat-Transfer Characteristics of High-Pressure Gas Turbines," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-21, March.
    6. Sui, Yang & Niu, Jiqiang & Yu, Qiujun & Yuan, Yanping & Cao, Xiaoling & Yang, Xiaofeng, 2021. "Numerical analysis of the aerothermodynamic behavior of a Hyperloop in choked flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    7. Seung Il Baek & Jaiyoung Ryu & Joon Ahn, 2021. "Large Eddy Simulation of Film Cooling with Forward Expansion Hole: Comparative Study with LES and RANS Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-19, April.
    8. Lambros Mitropoulos & Annie Kortsari & Alexandros Koliatos & Georgia Ayfantopoulou, 2021. "The Hyperloop System and Stakeholders: A Review and Future Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-28, July.
    9. Janusz Piechna, 2021. "Low Pressure Tube Transport—An Alternative to Ground Road Transport—Aerodynamic and Other Problems and Possible Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-33, June.
    10. Aditya Bose & Vimal K. Viswanathan, 2021. "Mitigating the Piston Effect in High-Speed Hyperloop Transportation: A Study on the Use of Aerofoils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-18, January.
    11. Zhiwei Zhou & Chao Xia & Xizhuang Shan & Zhigang Yang, 2022. "Numerical Study on the Aerodynamics of the Evacuated Tube Transportation System from Subsonic to Supersonic," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-19, April.
    12. Eric Chaidez & Shankar P. Bhattacharyya & Adonios N. Karpetis, 2019. "Levitation Methods for Use in the Hyperloop High-Speed Transportation System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, November.
    13. Jerzy Kisilowski & Rafał Kowalik, 2020. "Displacements of the Levitation Systems in the Vehicle Hyperloop," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-25, December.
    14. Olena Stryhunivska & Katarzyna Gdowska & Rafał Rumin, 2020. "A Concept of Integration of a Vactrain Underground Station with the Solidarity Transport Hub Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.

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