IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i16p3099-d257015.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Thermal Runaway Characteristics of a Large Format Lithium-Ion Battery Module

Author

Listed:
  • Ximing Cheng

    (National Engineering Lab for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Tao Li

    (National Engineering Lab for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Xusong Ruan

    (BNET Blueway New Energy Technology Co. Ltd., Huizhou 516006, China)

  • Zhenpo Wang

    (National Engineering Lab for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract

The overheat abuse experiment of a 12S1P 37 Ah prismatic Lithium-ion battery module in a nominal energy of 1.65 kWh is conducted in this work. The cell behaviors and characterization in the process of thermal runaway propagation is investigated, including the gas eruption, the fire ejection, the flame combustion, the audio features, and the heat transfer, respectively. In the experiment, the central cell is heated on both sides until the pole temperature moves beyond 300 °C, the thermal runaway undergoes about 43 min and propagates from the central to both sides in the module, and all 12 cells burn. Results show that the first three runaway cells spout gas at first, and, then, emit sound with close amplitudes, frequencies, and energies, about 200 s earlier than the fire ejection. Then, the characteristic of the internal short circuit is the temperature rate zone of 1.0 K/s with time greater than 20 s. Moreover, the proposed thermal propagation coefficient is used to assess the thermal propagation capabilities of the runaway cells on their adjacent cells, and this explains the runaway sequence. It is anticipated that the experimental results can provide the deep understanding, thermal runaway warning, and evaluation method for the module safety design.

Suggested Citation

  • Ximing Cheng & Tao Li & Xusong Ruan & Zhenpo Wang, 2019. "Thermal Runaway Characteristics of a Large Format Lithium-Ion Battery Module," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-18, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:16:p:3099-:d:257015
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3099/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3099/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Coman, Paul T. & Darcy, Eric C. & Veje, Christian T. & White, Ralph E., 2017. "Numerical analysis of heat propagation in a battery pack using a novel technology for triggering thermal runaway," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 189-200.
    2. Ruiz, V. & Pfrang, A. & Kriston, A. & Omar, N. & Van den Bossche, P. & Boon-Brett, L., 2018. "A review of international abuse testing standards and regulations for lithium ion batteries in electric and hybrid electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1427-1452.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kuo Wang & Dongxu Ouyang & Xinming Qian & Shuai Yuan & Chongye Chang & Jianqi Zhang & Yifan Liu, 2023. "Early Warning Method and Fire Extinguishing Technology of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-35, March.
    2. Hyung-Wook Kang & Hyun-Seong Lee & Jae-Ho Rhee & Kun-A Lee, 2023. "DC Voltage Source Based on a Battery of Supercapacitors with a Regulator in the Form of an Isolated Boost LCC Resonant Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Ankur Bhattacharjee & Rakesh K. Mohanty & Aritra Ghosh, 2020. "Design of an Optimized Thermal Management System for Li-Ion Batteries under Different Discharging Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-21, October.
    4. Dong Wang & Lili Zheng & Xichao Li & Guangchao Du & Zhichao Zhang & Yan Feng & Longzhou Jia & Zuoqiang Dai, 2020. "Effects of Overdischarge Rate on Thermal Runaway of NCM811 Li-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-14, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. E, Jiaqiang & Xiao, Hanxu & Tian, Sicheng & Huang, Yuxin, 2024. "A comprehensive review on thermal runaway model of a lithium-ion battery: Mechanism, thermal, mechanical, propagation, gas venting and combustion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    2. Gandoman, Foad H. & Jaguemont, Joris & Goutam, Shovon & Gopalakrishnan, Rahul & Firouz, Yousef & Kalogiannis, Theodoros & Omar, Noshin & Van Mierlo, Joeri, 2019. "Concept of reliability and safety assessment of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles: Basics, progress, and challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Ren, Dongsheng & Liu, Xiang & Feng, Xuning & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Jianqiu & He, Xiangming, 2018. "Model-based thermal runaway prediction of lithium-ion batteries from kinetics analysis of cell components," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 633-644.
    4. Mohammadmahdi Ghiji & Vasily Novozhilov & Khalid Moinuddin & Paul Joseph & Ian Burch & Brigitta Suendermann & Grant Gamble, 2020. "A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Suppression," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-30, October.
    5. Ostanek, Jason K. & Li, Weisi & Mukherjee, Partha P. & Crompton, K.R. & Hacker, Christopher, 2020. "Simulating onset and evolution of thermal runaway in Li-ion cells using a coupled thermal and venting model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    6. Okay, Kamil & Eray, Sermet & Eray, Aynur, 2022. "Development of prototype battery management system for PV system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1294-1304.
    7. Yang, Ruixin & Xiong, Rui & Ma, Suxiao & Lin, Xinfan, 2020. "Characterization of external short circuit faults in electric vehicle Li-ion battery packs and prediction using artificial neural networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    8. David Marcos & Maitane Garmendia & Jon Crego & José Antonio Cortajarena, 2021. "Functional Safety BMS Design Methodology for Automotive Lithium-Based Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, October.
    9. Wang, Gongquan & Kong, Depeng & Ping, Ping & He, Xiaoqin & Lv, Hongpeng & Zhao, Hengle & Hong, Wanru, 2023. "Modeling venting behavior of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway propagation by coupling CFD and thermal resistance network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    10. Zhang, Yue & Song, Laifeng & Tian, Jiamin & Mei, Wenxin & Jiang, Lihua & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2024. "Modeling the propagation of internal thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    11. Liu, Tong & Tao, Changfa & Wang, Xishi, 2020. "Cooling control effect of water mist on thermal runaway propagation in lithium ion battery modules," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    12. Pedram Asef & Marzia Milan & Andrew Lapthorn & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, 2021. "Future Trends and Aging Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-28, December.
    13. Zhang, Guangxu & Wei, Xuezhe & Tang, Xuan & Zhu, Jiangong & Chen, Siqi & Dai, Haifeng, 2021. "Internal short circuit mechanisms, experimental approaches and detection methods of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    14. Sun, Li & Li, Guanru & You, Fengqi, 2020. "Combined internal resistance and state-of-charge estimation of lithium-ion battery based on extended state observer," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    15. Cao, Jiahao & He, Yangjing & Feng, Jinxin & Lin, Shao & Ling, Ziye & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming, 2020. "Mini-channel cold plate with nano phase change material emulsion for Li-ion battery under high-rate discharge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    16. Zhang, Furen & Lu, Fu & Liang, Beibei & Zhu, Yilin & Gou, Huan & Xiao, Kang & He, Yanxiao, 2023. "Thermal performance analysis of a new type of branch-fin enhanced battery thermal management PCM module," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1049-1063.
    17. Mahesh Suresh Patil & Satyam Panchal & Namwon Kim & Moo-Yeon Lee, 2018. "Cooling Performance Characteristics of 20 Ah Lithium-Ion Pouch Cell with Cold Plates along Both Surfaces," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, September.
    18. Shen, Dongxu & Lyu, Chao & Yang, Dazhi & Hinds, Gareth & Wang, Lixin, 2023. "Connection fault diagnosis for lithium-ion battery packs in electric vehicles based on mechanical vibration signals and broad belief network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    19. Raijmakers, L.H.J. & Danilov, D.L. & Eichel, R.-A. & Notten, P.H.L., 2019. "A review on various temperature-indication methods for Li-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 918-945.
    20. Pius Victor Chombo & Yossapong Laoonual & Somchai Wongwises, 2021. "Lessons from the Electric Vehicle Crashworthiness Leading to Battery Fire," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-21, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:16:p:3099-:d:257015. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.