IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v11y2018i8p2160-d164413.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Real-World Fuel Consumption, Fuel Cost and Exhaust Emissions of Different Bus Powertrain Technologies

Author

Listed:
  • Samuel Rodman Oprešnik

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Tine Seljak

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Rok Vihar

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Marko Gerbec

    (Department for Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Tomaž Katrašnik

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

Abstract

Air quality in urban areas is strongly influenced by exhaust emitted by the public transport fleet. The aim of this study was to analyze benefits in the fuel consumption, fuel costs and exhaust emissions when replacing baseline diesel fueled EURO III city buses by the compressed natural gas (CNG)-fueled EURO V buses and by hydraulic series hybrid diesel-fueled EURO V buses. Real-world measurements were performed on the regular bus route to access realistic energy consumption and exhaust emissions. Instantaneous gaseous emission (CO 2 , CO, NO x and THC) were measured together with the instantaneous PM 10 mass emission. Innovativeness of the presented approach thus arises from the systematic comparison of different powertrain technologies under real-world drive cycles and measuring time traces of not only gaseous but also of PM 10 mass emissions. Furthermore, lumped cycle averaged emissions are interpreted and explained by typical powertrain performance parameters and exhaust emission time traces. Cumulative results indicate that application of the CNG fueled buses does not necessary reduce CO 2 emissions compared to diesel-fueled buses whereas reduction in fuel costs is evident. Additionally, it is shown that hybrid operation of the hydraulic series hybrid diesel-fueled bus resulted in higher fuel consumption due to poorly optimized hybrid topology and control strategy. Furthermore, analyses of the time traces point out inadequate lambda control of CNG-fueled buses and nucleation mode-based particle number emissions during deceleration.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Rodman Oprešnik & Tine Seljak & Rok Vihar & Marko Gerbec & Tomaž Katrašnik, 2018. "Real-World Fuel Consumption, Fuel Cost and Exhaust Emissions of Different Bus Powertrain Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:8:p:2160-:d:164413
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/8/2160/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/8/2160/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dassisti, M. & Carnimeo, L., 2012. "Net modelling of energy mix among European Countries: A proposal for ruling new scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 100-111.
    2. Hongwen He & Jinquan Guo & Nana Zhou & Chao Sun & Jiankun Peng, 2017. "Freeway Driving Cycle Construction Based on Real-Time Traffic Information and Global Optimal Energy Management for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Achour, H. & Carton, J.G. & Olabi, A.G., 2011. "Estimating vehicle emissions from road transport, case study: Dublin City," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1957-1964, May.
    4. Piera Centobelli & Roberto Cerchione & Emilio Esposito, 2018. "Environmental Sustainability and Energy-Efficient Supply Chain Management: A Review of Research Trends and Proposed Guidelines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-36, January.
    5. Lew Fulton & Alvin Mejia & Magdala Arioli & Kathleen Dematera & Oliver Lah, 2017. "Climate Change Mitigation Pathways for Southeast Asia: CO 2 Emissions Reduction Policies for the Energy and Transport Sectors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-16, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rosero, Fredy & Fonseca, Natalia & López, José-María & Casanova, Jesús, 2021. "Effects of passenger load, road grade, and congestion level on real-world fuel consumption and emissions from compressed natural gas and diesel urban buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PB).
    2. Ilya Kulikov & Andrey Kozlov & Alexey Terenchenko & Kirill Karpukhin, 2020. "Comparative Study of Powertrain Hybridization for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Equipped with Diesel and Gas Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, April.
    3. Skrúcaný Tomáš & Kendra Martin & Čechovič Tomáš & Majerník Filip & Pečman Jan, 2021. "Assessing the Energy Intensity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of the Traffic Services in a Selected Region," LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics, Sciendo, vol. 12(1), pages 25-35, May.
    4. Bogdan Ovidiu Varga & Florin Mariasiu & Cristian Daniel Miclea & Ioan Szabo & Anamaria Andreea Sirca & Vlad Nicolae, 2020. "Direct and Indirect Environmental Aspects of an Electric Bus Fleet Under Service," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, January.
    5. Rosero, Fredy & Fonseca, Natalia & López, José-María & Casanova, Jesús, 2020. "Real-world fuel efficiency and emissions from an urban diesel bus engine under transient operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sadok Turki & Nidhal Rezg, 2018. "Impact of the Quality of Returned-Used Products on the Optimal Design of a Manufacturing/Remanufacturing System under Carbon Emissions Constraints," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Tomislav Letnik & Katja Hanžič & Giuseppe Luppino & Matej Mencinger, 2022. "Impact of Logistics Trends on Freight Transport Development in Urban Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Anggi Putri Kurniadi & Hasdi Aimon & Zamroni Salim & Ragimun Ragimun & Adang Sonjaya & Sigit Setiawan & Viktor Siagian & Lokot Zein Nasution & R Nurhidajat & Mutaqin Mutaqin & Joko Sabtohadi, 2024. "Analysis of Existing and Forecasting for Coal and Solar Energy Consumption on Climate Change in Asia Pacific: New Evidence for Sustainable Development Goals," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 352-359, July.
    4. Jun Sheng Teh & Yew Heng Teoh & Heoy Geok How & Thanh Danh Le & Yeoh Jun Jie Jason & Huu Tho Nguyen & Dong Lin Loo, 2021. "The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-31, April.
    5. Fu, Shuke & Ge, Yingchen & Hao, Yu & Peng, Jiachao & Tian, Jiali, 2024. "Energy supply chain efficiency in the digital era: Evidence from China's listed companies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    6. Haiyun, Cui & Zhixiong, Huang & Yüksel, Serhat & Dinçer, Hasan, 2021. "Analysis of the innovation strategies for green supply chain management in the energy industry using the QFD-based hybrid interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    7. Amer Saeed & Yun Jun & Saviour Ayertey Nubuor & Hewawasam Puwakpitiyage Rasika Priyankara & Mahabaduge Prasad Fernando Jayasuriya, 2018. "Institutional Pressures, Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Environmental and Economic Performance: A Two Theory View," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-24, May.
    8. Jovanović, Marina & Vučićević, Biljana & Turanjanin, Valentina & Živković, Marija & Spasojević, Vuk, 2014. "Investigation of indoor and outdoor air quality of the classrooms at a school in Serbia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 42-48.
    9. Gabriela O. Chiciudean & Rezhen Harun & Felix H. Arion & Daniel I. Chiciudean & Camelia F. Oroian & Iulia C. Muresan, 2018. "A Critical Approach on Sustainable Renewable Energy Sources in Rural Area: Evidence from North-West Region of Romania," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-15, August.
    10. Hamdy Abdelaty & Daniel Weiss & Delia Mangelkramer, 2023. "Climate Policy in Developing Countries: Analysis of Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Measures in Egypt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, June.
    11. Fei Wang & Yili Yu & Xinkang Wang & Hui Ren & Miadreza Shafie-Khah & João P. S. Catalão, 2018. "Residential Electricity Consumption Level Impact Factor Analysis Based on Wrapper Feature Selection and Multinomial Logistic Regression," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-26, May.
    12. Xiangshuo He & Jian Zhang, 2018. "Supplier Selection Study under the Respective of Low-Carbon Supply Chain: A Hybrid Evaluation Model Based on FA-DEA-AHP," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-17, February.
    13. Juanjuan Qin & Yuhui Zhao & Liangjie Xia, 2018. "Carbon Emission Reduction with Capital Constraint under Greening Financing and Cost Sharing Contract," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-32, April.
    14. Carton, J.G. & Olabi, A.G., 2017. "Three-dimensional proton exchange membrane fuel cell model: Comparison of double channel and open pore cellular foam flow plates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 185-195.
    15. Sandipa Bhattacharya & Mitali Sarkar & Biswajit Sarkar & Lakshmi Thangavelu, 2023. "Exploring Sustainability and Economic Growth through Generation of Renewable Energy with Respect to the Dynamical Environment," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-22, September.
    16. Carton, J.G. & Lawlor, V. & Olabi, A.G. & Hochenauer, C. & Zauner, G., 2012. "Water droplet accumulation and motion in PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell mini-channels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 63-73.
    17. Rafael Ninno Muniz & Carlos Tavares da Costa Júnior & William Gouvêa Buratto & Ademir Nied & Gabriel Villarrubia González, 2023. "The Sustainability Concept: A Review Focusing on Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-22, September.
    18. Rui Xiong & Suleiman M. Sharkh & Xi Zhang, 2018. "Research Progress on Electric and Intelligent Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-5, July.
    19. Muhammad Iskandar Hamzah & Nurul Syafiqah Tanwir & Siti Norida Wahab & Muhammad Hafiz Abd Rashid, 2022. "Consumer perceptions of hybrid electric vehicle adoption and the green automotive market: the Malaysian evidence," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 1827-1851, February.
    20. Saewhan Kim & Jonghun Park, 2020. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Multiple Liquid Laundry Detergent Packaging Formats," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:8:p:2160-:d:164413. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.