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Carbon Footprint-Energy Detection for Desalination Small Plant Adaptation Response

Author

Listed:
  • Latifah Abdul Ghani

    (Faculty of Business, Economic and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Nora’aini Ali

    (Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
    Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Ilyanni Syazira Nazaran

    (Faculty of Business, Economic and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Marlia M. Hanafiah

    (Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
    Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Norhafiza Ilyana Yatim

    (Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

Abstract

The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) system, which can be used as a decision support tool for managing environmental sustainability, includes carbon footprint assessment as one of the available methodologies. In this study, a carbon footprint assessment was used to investigate seawater production systems of a desalination plant in Senok, Kelantan, Malaysia. Three stages of the desalination plant processing system were investigated and the inventory database was developed using the relevant model framework. Subsequently, measurements and interpretations were performed on several key indicators such as greenhouse gases, energy efficiency, acidic gases, smog, and toxic gases. Overall, the results of the study indicate that the Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology that is used in the desalination plant in the study area is one of the best options to meet the demands of the environmental sustainability agenda (SDGs). This is due to the lower carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission, of about 3.5 × 10 −2 kg of CO 2 eq per m 3 /year, that was recorded for the entire operation of the system. However, several factors that influence important errors in carbon footprint decisions, such as the lack of EIA reporting data and the literature on carbon footprint in the Malaysian scenario, in addition to direct and indirect carbon input calculations, need to be identified in more detail in future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Latifah Abdul Ghani & Nora’aini Ali & Ilyanni Syazira Nazaran & Marlia M. Hanafiah & Norhafiza Ilyana Yatim, 2021. "Carbon Footprint-Energy Detection for Desalination Small Plant Adaptation Response," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7135-:d:669735
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Latifah Abdul Ghani & Ilyanni Syazira Nazaran & Nora’aini Ali & Marlia Mohd Hanafiah, 2020. "Improving Prediction Accuracy of Socio-Human Relationships in a Small-Scale Desalination Plant," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Xuexiu Jia & Jiří Jaromír Klemeš & Petar Sabev Varbanov & Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi, 2019. "Analyzing the Energy Consumption, GHG Emission, and Cost of Seawater Desalination in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Moreno-Leiva, Simón & Haas, Jannik & Nowak, Wolfgang & Kracht, Willy & Eltrop, Ludger & Breyer, Christian, 2021. "Integration of seawater pumped storage and desalination in multi-energy systems planning: The case of copper as a key material for the energy transition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    4. Saleh, Layla & Mezher, Toufic, 2021. "Techno-economic analysis of sustainability and externality costs of water desalination production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
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