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Power Flow Distribution Strategy for Improved Power Electronics Energy Efficiency in Battery Storage Systems: Development and Implementation in a Utility-Scale System

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  • Michael Schimpe

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany)

  • Christian Piesch

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany)

  • Holger C. Hesse

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany)

  • Julian Paß

    (The Mobility House GmbH, St.-Cajetan-Str. 43, 81669 Munich, Germany)

  • Stefan Ritter

    (The Mobility House GmbH, St.-Cajetan-Str. 43, 81669 Munich, Germany)

  • Andreas Jossen

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany)

Abstract

Utility-scale battery storage systems typically consist of multiple smaller units contributing to the overall power dispatch of the system. Herein, the power distribution among these units is analyzed and optimized to operate the system with increased energy efficiency. To improve the real-life storage operation, a holistic system model for battery storage systems has been developed that enables a calculation of the energy efficiency. A utility-scale Second-Life battery storage system with a capacity of 3.3 MWh/3 MW is operated and evaluated in this work. The system is in operation for the provision of primary control reserve in combination with intraday trading for controlling the battery state of charge. The simulation model is parameterized with the system data. Results show that losses in power electronics dominate. An operational strategy improving the energy efficiency through an optimized power flow distribution within the storage system is developed. The power flow distribution strategy is based on the reduction of the power electronics losses at no-load/partial-load by minimizing their in-operation time. The simulation derived power flow distribution strategy is implemented in the real-life storage system. Field-test measurements and analysis prove the functionality of the power flow distribution strategy and reveal the reduction of the energy throughput of the units by 7%, as well as a significant reduction of energy losses in the units by 24%. The cost savings for electricity over the system’s lifetime are approximated to 4.4% of its investment cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Schimpe & Christian Piesch & Holger C. Hesse & Julian Paß & Stefan Ritter & Andreas Jossen, 2018. "Power Flow Distribution Strategy for Improved Power Electronics Energy Efficiency in Battery Storage Systems: Development and Implementation in a Utility-Scale System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:533-:d:134203
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Holger C. Hesse & Michael Schimpe & Daniel Kucevic & Andreas Jossen, 2017. "Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-42, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rongheng Li & Ali Hassan & Nishad Gupte & Wencong Su & Xuan Zhou, 2023. "Degradation Prediction and Cost Optimization of Second-Life Battery Used for Energy Arbitrage and Peak-Shaving in an Electric Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Gábor Pintér, 2020. "The Potential Role of Power-to-Gas Technology Connected to Photovoltaic Power Plants in the Visegrad Countries—A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Yuttana Kongjeen & Krischonme Bhumkittipich, 2018. "Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-16, June.
    4. Holger C. Hesse & Volkan Kumtepeli & Michael Schimpe & Jorn Reniers & David A. Howey & Anshuman Tripathi & Youyi Wang & Andreas Jossen, 2019. "Ageing and Efficiency Aware Battery Dispatch for Arbitrage Markets Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming †," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-28, March.
    5. Bernhard Faessler, 2021. "Stationary, Second Use Battery Energy Storage Systems and Their Applications: A Research Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-19, April.
    6. Gu, Xubo & Bai, Hanyu & Cui, Xiaofan & Zhu, Juner & Zhuang, Weichao & Li, Zhaojian & Hu, Xiaosong & Song, Ziyou, 2024. "Challenges and opportunities for second-life batteries: Key technologies and economy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    7. Hyung-Seung Kim & Junho Hong & In-Sun Choi, 2021. "Implementation of Distributed Autonomous Control Based Battery Energy Storage System for Frequency Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, May.
    8. Henrik Zsiborács & Nóra Hegedűsné Baranyai & András Vincze & István Háber & Gábor Pintér, 2018. "Economic and Technical Aspects of Flexible Storage Photovoltaic Systems in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, June.

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