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Physicochemical, Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Melaleuca Cajuputi Oil-Refined Palm Oil Hybrid Biofuel Blend

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  • Sharzali Che Mat

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia
    Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh 13500, Malaysia)

  • Mohamad Yusof Idroas

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia)

  • Yew Heng Teoh

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Fadzli Hamid

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia)

Abstract

To reduce the economic impact caused by the fossil fuel crisis and avoid relying on existing biofuels, it is important to seek locally available and renewable biofuel throughout the year. In the present work, a new light biofuel—Melaleuca Cajuputi oil (MCO)—was introduced to blend with refined palm oil (RPO). The physicochemical properties, combustion characteristics, engine performance, and exhaust emissions were comprehensively examined. It was found that the higher the percentage of MCO, the lower the viscosity and density of the blends obtained. Calorific value (CV) was increased with the increase of MCO fraction in the blend. Regression analysis has suggested that the blend of 32% ( v/v ) of RPO and 68% ( v/v ) of MCO (RPO32MCO68) is optimal to obtain viscosity and density in accordance with ASTM 6751/EN 14214 standards. The experimental results show that the in-cylinder pressure, brake torque, and brake power of the optimal blend were slightly lower than those of baseline diesel fuel. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), carbon monoxide (CO), and unburnt hydrocarbon (HC) were found to be slightly higher compared to diesel fuel. Notably, nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and smoke opacity were found to be decreased over the entire range of the test. Overall, the optimal blend of RPO32MCO68 has shown a decent result which marks it as a potential viable source of biofuel.

Suggested Citation

  • Sharzali Che Mat & Mohamad Yusof Idroas & Yew Heng Teoh & Mohd Fadzli Hamid, 2018. "Physicochemical, Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Melaleuca Cajuputi Oil-Refined Palm Oil Hybrid Biofuel Blend," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:3146-:d:182689
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    Cited by:

    1. Che Mat, S. & Idroas, M.Y. & Teoh, Y.H. & Hamid, M.F. & Sharudin, H. & Pahmi, M.A.A.H., 2022. "Optimization of ternary blends among refined palm oil-hexanol-melaleuca cajuputi oil and engine emissions analysis of the blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 451-461.
    2. Mohd Fadzli Hamid & Yew Heng Teoh & Mohamad Yusof Idroas & Mazlan Mohamed & Shukriwani Sa’ad & Sharzali Che Mat & Muhammad Khalil Abdullah & Thanh Danh Le & Heoy Geok How & Huu Tho Nguyen, 2022. "A Review of the Emulsification Method for Alternative Fuels Used in Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-26, December.
    3. Rafael Estevez & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Francisco J. López-Tenllado & Carlos Luna & Juan Calero & Antonio A. Romero & Felipa M. Bautista & Diego Luna, 2022. "Biodiesel Is Dead: Long Life to Advanced Biofuels—A Comprehensive Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-39, April.

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