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An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies

Author

Listed:
  • M. N. Uddin

    (Sustainable Energy Management, IGES, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand)

  • Kuaanan Techato

    (Environmental Assessment & Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
    Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok 10330, Thailand)

  • Juntakan Taweekun

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand)

  • Md Mofijur Rahman

    (School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
    Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia)

  • M. G. Rasul

    (School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia)

  • T. M. I. Mahlia

    (Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia)

  • S. M. Ashrafur

    (Biofuel Engine Research Facility (BERF), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia)

Abstract

Biomass is a promising sustainable and renewable energy source, due to its high diversity of sources, and as it is profusely obtainable everywhere in the world. It is the third most important fuel source used to generate electricity and for thermal applications, as 50% of the global population depends on biomass. The increase in availability and technological developments of recent years allow the use of biomass as a renewable energy source with low levels of emissions and environmental impacts. Biomass energy can be in the forms of biogas, bio-liquid, and bio-solid fuels. It can be used to replace fossil fuels in the power and transportation sectors. This paper critically reviews the facts and prospects of biomass, the pyrolysis process to obtain bio-oil, the impact of different pyrolysis technology (for example, temperature and speed of pyrolysis process), and the impact of various reactors. The paper also discusses different pyrolysis products, their yields, and factors affecting biomass products, including the present status of the pyrolysis process and future challenges. This study concluded that the characteristics of pyrolysis products depend on the biomass used, and what the pyrolysis product, such as bio-oil, can contribute to the local economy. Finally, more research, along with government subsidies and technology transfer, is needed to tackle the future challenges of the development of pyrolysis technology.

Suggested Citation

  • M. N. Uddin & Kuaanan Techato & Juntakan Taweekun & Md Mofijur Rahman & M. G. Rasul & T. M. I. Mahlia & S. M. Ashrafur, 2018. "An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:3115-:d:181975
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    References listed on IDEAS

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