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Nanofluids in the Service of High Voltage Transformers: Breakdown Properties of Transformer Oils with Nanoparticles, a Review

Author

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  • Jacek Fal

    (Department of Physics and Medical Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland)

  • Omid Mahian

    (Center for Advanced Technologies, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91775-1111 Mashhad, Iran)

  • Gaweł Żyła

    (Department of Physics and Medical Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland)

Abstract

The continuous development of electrical systems and high voltage transformers builds the need for looking for new insulating media or to improve the insulating properties of commercially available transformer oils (TO) by various modification techniques. One of these techniques is the modification of existing mineral oils by the addition of different types of nanoparticles in various concentrations. These types of materials, suspensions of nanoparticles called nanofluids, have found numerous applications in the energy industry, especially in heat exchanger systems and solar cells. Much research has been done on attempts to replace mineral oils (MO), which are harmful for the environment, with natural ester oils (NE), but to make this possible, it is necessary to improve the insulating properties of these oils, for example by adding nanoparticles. This paper presents an extensive overview of the insulating properties; including for AC, DC and the lightning impulse breakdown voltage; for both mineral and natural ester oils containing various type of nanoparticles (NP). It is presented that the use of nanofluids could improve the efficiency of existing high voltage infrastructures with a low financial cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacek Fal & Omid Mahian & Gaweł Żyła, 2018. "Nanofluids in the Service of High Voltage Transformers: Breakdown Properties of Transformer Oils with Nanoparticles, a Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-46, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:2942-:d:178862
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    Cited by:

    1. Arputhasamy Joseph Amalanathan & Ramanujam Sarathi & Maciej Zdanowski, 2023. "A Critical Overview of the Impact of Nanoparticles in Ester Fluid for Power Transformers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.
    2. Ciro Aprea & Adriana Greco & Angelo Maiorino & Claudia Masselli, 2019. "Enhancing the Heat Transfer in an Active Barocaloric Cooling System Using Ethylene-Glycol Based Nanofluids as Secondary Medium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-15, July.
    3. Maciej Zdanowski, 2022. "Streaming Electrification of C 60 Fullerene Doped Insulating Liquids for Power Transformers Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Karatas, Mehmet & Bicen, Yunus, 2022. "Nanoparticles for next-generation transformer insulating fluids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).

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