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Study of Dielectric Breakdown Performance of Transformer Oil Based Magnetic Nanofluids

Author

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  • Yuzhen Lv

    (Beijing Key Laboratory of High Voltage & EMC, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Muhammad Rafiq

    (Beijing Key Laboratory of High Voltage & EMC, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Chengrong Li

    (Beijing Key Laboratory of High Voltage & EMC, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Bingliang Shan

    (Beijing Key Laboratory of High Voltage & EMC, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

Abstract

Research on the transformer oil-based nanofluids (NFs) has been raised expeditiously over the past decade. Although, there is discrepancy in the stated results and inadequate understanding of the mechanisms of improvement of dielectric nanofluids, these nanofluids have emerged as a potential substitute of mineral oils as insulating and heat removal fluids for high voltage equipment. The transformer oil (TO) based magnetic fluids (ferrofluids) may be regarded as the posterity insulation fluids as they propose inspiring unique prospectus to improve dielectric breakdown strength, as well as heat transfer efficiency, as compared to pure transformer oils. In this work, transformer oil-based magnetic nanofluids (MNFs) are prepared by dispersal of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (MNPs) into mineral oil as base oil, with various NPs loading from 5 to 80% w / v . The lightning impulse breakdown voltages (BDV) measurement was conducted in accordance with IEC 60897 by using needle to sphere electrodes geometry. The test results showed that dispersion of magnetic NPs may improve the insulation strength of MO. With the increment of NPs concentrations, the positive lightning impulse (LI) breakdown strength of TO is first raised, up to the highest value at 40% loading, and then tends to decrease at higher concentrations. The outcomes of negative LI breakdown showed that BDV of MNFs, with numerous loadings, were inferior to the breakdown strength of pure MO. The 40% concentration of nanoparticles (optimum concentration) was selected, and positive and negative LI breakdown strength was also further studied at different sizes (10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm and 40 nm) of NPs and different electrode gap distances. Augmentation in the BDV of the ferrofluids (FFs) is primarily because of dielectric and magnetic features of Fe 3 O 4 nanoaprticles, which act as electron scavengers and decrease the rate of free electrons produced in the ionization process. Research challenges and technical difficulties associated with ferrofluids for practical applications are mentioned. The advantages and disadvantages linked with magnetic fluids are also presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuzhen Lv & Muhammad Rafiq & Chengrong Li & Bingliang Shan, 2017. "Study of Dielectric Breakdown Performance of Transformer Oil Based Magnetic Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-21, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:7:p:1025-:d:105247
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rafiq, M. & Lv, Y.Z. & Zhou, Y. & Ma, K.B. & Wang, W. & Li, C.R. & Wang, Q., 2015. "Use of vegetable oils as transformer oils – a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 308-324.
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    Cited by:

    1. Suhaib Ahmad Khan & Mohd Tariq & Asfar Ali Khan & Shabana Urooj & Lucian Mihet-Popa, 2022. "An Experimental Study and Statistical Analysis on the Electrical Properties of Synthetic Ester-Based Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Usama Khaled & Abderrahmane Beroual, 2018. "The Effect of Electronic Scavenger Additives on the AC Dielectric Strength of Transformer Mineral Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-12, September.
    3. Zbigniew Nadolny & Grzegorz Dombek, 2018. "Electro-Insulating Nanofluids Based on Synthetic Ester and TiO 2 or C 60 Nanoparticles in Power Transformer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-11, July.
    4. Vaclav Mentlik & Pavel Trnka & Jaroslav Hornak & Pavel Totzauer, 2018. "Development of a Biodegradable Electro-Insulating Liquid and Its Subsequent Modification by Nanoparticles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-16, February.
    5. Pichai Muangpratoom & Chinnapat Suriyasakulpong & Sakda Maneerot & Wanwilai Vittayakorn & Norasage Pattanadech, 2023. "Experimental Study of the Electrical and Physiochemical Properties of Different Types of Crude Palm Oils as Dielectric Insulating Fluids in Transformers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-18, September.
    6. Jacek Fal & Omid Mahian & Gaweł Żyła, 2018. "Nanofluids in the Service of High Voltage Transformers: Breakdown Properties of Transformer Oils with Nanoparticles, a Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-46, October.
    7. Pedro J. Villegas & Juan A. Martín-Ramos & Juan Díaz & Juan Á. Martínez & Miguel J. Prieto & Alberto M. Pernía, 2017. "A Digitally Controlled Power Converter for an Electrostatic Precipitator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-24, December.
    8. Karatas, Mehmet & Bicen, Yunus, 2022. "Nanoparticles for next-generation transformer insulating fluids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    9. Suhaib Ahmad Khan & Mohd Tariq & Asfar Ali Khan & Basem Alamri & Lucian Mihet-Popa, 2022. "Influence of Area and Volume Effect on Dielectric Behaviour of the Mineral Oil-Based Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, May.

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