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An Autonomous Coil Alignment System for the Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles to Minimize Lateral Misalignment

Author

Listed:
  • Karam Hwang

    (Graduate School for Green Transportation, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea)

  • Jaeyong Cho

    (Graduate School for Green Transportation, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea)

  • Dongwook Kim

    (Graduate School for Green Transportation, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea)

  • Jaehyoung Park

    (Graduate School for Green Transportation, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea)

  • Jong Hwa Kwon

    (Electromagnetic Environment Research, ETRI, Daejeon 34129, Korea)

  • Sang Il Kwak

    (Electromagnetic Environment Research, ETRI, Daejeon 34129, Korea)

  • Hyun Ho Park

    (Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18123, Korea)

  • Seungyoung Ahn

    (Graduate School for Green Transportation, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea)

Abstract

This paper proposes an autonomous coil alignment system (ACAS) for electric vehicles (EVs) with dynamic wireless charging (DWC) to mitigate the reduction in received power caused by lateral misalignment between the source and load coils. The key component of the ACAS is a novel sensor coil design, which can detect the load coil’s left or right position relative to the source coil by observing the change in voltage phase. This allows the lateral misalignment to be estimated through the wireless power transfer (WPT) system alone, which is a novel tracking method for vehicular applications. Once misalignment is detected, the vehicle’s lateral position is self-adjusted by an autonomous steering function. The feasibility of the overall operation of the ACAS was verified through simulation and experiments. In addition, an analysis based on experimental results was conducted, demonstrating that 26% more energy can be transferred during DWC with the ACAS, just by keeping the vehicle’s load coil aligned with the source coil.

Suggested Citation

  • Karam Hwang & Jaeyong Cho & Dongwook Kim & Jaehyoung Park & Jong Hwa Kwon & Sang Il Kwak & Hyun Ho Park & Seungyoung Ahn, 2017. "An Autonomous Coil Alignment System for the Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles to Minimize Lateral Misalignment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:3:p:315-:d:92374
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    8. Yabiao Gao & Kathleen Blair Farley & Zion Tsz Ho Tse, 2015. "A Uniform Voltage Gain Control for Alignment Robustness in Wireless EV Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-16, August.
    9. Aditya Shekhar & Venugopal Prasanth & Pavol Bauer & Mark Bolech, 2016. "Economic Viability Study of an On-Road Wireless Charging System with a Generic Driving Range Estimation Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-20, January.
    10. Weitong Chen & Chunhua Liu & Christopher H.T. Lee & Zhiqiang Shan, 2016. "Cost-Effectiveness Comparison of Coupler Designs of Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Dynamic Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-13, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Seyit Ahmet Sis & Emre Orta, 2018. "A Cross-Shape Coil Structure for Use in Wireless Power Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Benitto Albert Rayan & Umashankar Subramaniam & S. Balamurugan, 2023. "Wireless Power Transfer in Electric Vehicles: A Review on Compensation Topologies, Coil Structures, and Safety Aspects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-46, March.
    3. Lin Chen & Jianfeng Hong & Mingjie Guan & Zaifa Lin & Wenxiang Chen, 2019. "A Converter Based on Independently Inductive Energy Injection and Free Resonance for Wireless Energy Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Chaoqiang Jiang & K. T. Chau & Chunhua Liu & Christopher H. T. Lee, 2017. "An Overview of Resonant Circuits for Wireless Power Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, June.
    5. van der Koogh, Mylène & Chappin, Emile & Heller, Reneé & Lukszo, Zofia, 2023. "Stakeholder prioritizations for electric vehicle charging across time periods," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 173-189.
    6. Yanting Luo & Yongmin Yang & Xisen Wen & Ming Cheng, 2018. "Enhancing the Robustness of the Wireless Power Transfer System to Uncertain Parameter Variations Using an Interval-Based Uncertain Optimization Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Lin Chen & Jianfeng Hong & Mingjie Guan & Wei Wu & Wenxiang Chen, 2019. "A Power Converter Decoupled from the Resonant Network for Wireless Inductive Coupling Power Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-18, March.
    8. Jun Heo & Sang-Won Kim & In-Kui Cho & Yong Bae Park, 2022. "Position Estimation of Multiple Receiving Coils and Power Transmission Control for WPT without Feedback," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-11, November.
    9. Dongwook Kim & Hongseok Kim & Anfeng Huang & Qiusen He & Hanyu Zhang & Seungyoung Ahn & Yuyu Zhu & Jun Fan, 2019. "Analysis and Introduction of Effective Permeability with Additional Air-Gaps on Wireless Power Transfer Coils for Electric Vehicle Based on SAE J2954 Recommended Practice," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-11, December.
    10. Zhongnan Qian & Rui Yan & Zeqian Cheng & Jiande Wu & Xiangning He, 2020. "Magnetic Positioning Technique Integrated with Near-Field Communication for Wireless EV Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-22, March.
    11. Matjaz Rozman & Michael Fernando & Bamidele Adebisi & Khaled M. Rabie & Tim Collins & Rupak Kharel & Augustine Ikpehai, 2017. "A New Technique for Reducing Size of a WPT System Using Two-Loop Strongly-Resonant Inductors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, October.
    12. Amjad, Muhammad & Farooq-i-Azam, Muhammad & Ni, Qiang & Dong, Mianxiong & Ansari, Ejaz Ahmad, 2022. "Wireless charging systems for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    13. Gongjun Liu & Bo Zhang & Wenxun Xiao & Dongyuan Qiu & Yanfeng Chen & Jiu Guan, 2018. "Omnidirectional Wireless Power Transfer System Based on Rotary Transmitting Coil for Household Appliances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, April.
    14. Yujun Shin & Jaehyoung Park & Haerim Kim & Seongho Woo & Bumjin Park & Sungryul Huh & Changmin Lee & Seungyoung Ahn, 2021. "Design Considerations for Adding Series Inductors to Reduce Electromagnetic Field Interference in an Over-Coupled WPT System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-28, May.
    15. Joao Victor Pinon Pereira Dias & Masafumi Miyatake, 2018. "Increase in Robustness against Effects of Coil Misalignment on Electrical Parameters Using Magnetic Material Layer in Planar Coils of Wireless Power Transfer Transformer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-25, July.
    16. Geetha Palani & Usha Sengamalai & Pradeep Vishnuram & Benedetto Nastasi, 2023. "Challenges and Barriers of Wireless Charging Technologies for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-47, February.

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