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Coil Design for High Misalignment Tolerant Inductive Power Transfer System for EV Charging

Author

Listed:
  • Kafeel Ahmed Kalwar

    (Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Saad Mekhilef

    (Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian

    (School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia)

  • Ben Horan

    (School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia)

Abstract

The inductive power transfer (IPT) system for electric vehicle (EV) charging has acquired more research interest in its different facets. However, the misalignment tolerance between the charging coil (installed in the ground) and pick-up coil (mounted on the car chassis), has been a challenge and fundamental interest in the future market of EVs. This paper proposes a new coil design QDQ (Quad D Quadrature) that maintains the high coupling coefficient and efficient power transfer during reasonable misalignment. The QDQ design makes the use of four adjacent circular coils and one square coil, for both charging and pick-up side, to capture the maximum flux at any position. The coil design has been modeled in JMAG software for calculation of inductive parameters using the finite element method (FEM), and its hardware has been tested experimentally at various misaligned positions. The QDQ coils are shown to be capable of achieving good coupling coefficient and high efficiency of the system until the misalignment displacement reaches 50% of the employed coil size.

Suggested Citation

  • Kafeel Ahmed Kalwar & Saad Mekhilef & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan, 2016. "Coil Design for High Misalignment Tolerant Inductive Power Transfer System for EV Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:11:p:937-:d:82620
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yabiao Gao & Kathleen Blair Farley & Zion Tsz Ho Tse, 2015. "A Uniform Voltage Gain Control for Alignment Robustness in Wireless EV Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Feng Wen & Xueliang Huang, 2016. "Optimal Magnetic Field Shielding Method by Metallic Sheets in Wireless Power Transfer System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-15, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pradeep Vishnuram & Suresh P. & Narayanamoorthi R. & Vijayakumar K. & Benedetto Nastasi, 2023. "Wireless Chargers for Electric Vehicle: A Systematic Review on Converter Topologies, Environmental Assessment, and Review Policy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Seyit Ahmet Sis & Emre Orta, 2018. "A Cross-Shape Coil Structure for Use in Wireless Power Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Massimo Ceraolo & Valentina Consolo & Mauro Di Monaco & Giovanni Lutzemberger & Antonino Musolino & Rocco Rizzo & Giuseppe Tomasso, 2021. "Design and Realization of an Inductive Power Transfer for Shuttles in Automated Warehouses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Jianfeng Hong & Mingjie Guan & Zaifa Lin & Qiu Fang & Wei Wu & Wenxiang Chen, 2019. "Series-Series/Series Compensated Inductive Power Transmission System with Symmetrical Half-Bridge Resonant Converter: Design, Analysis, and Experimental Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-17, June.
    5. Emrullah Aydin & Mehmet Timur Aydemir & Ahmet Aksoz & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Inductive Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-24, July.
    6. Francisco Javier López-Alcolea & Javier Vázquez & Emilio J. Molina-Martínez & Pedro Roncero-Sánchez & Alfonso Parreño Torres, 2020. "Monte-Carlo Analysis of the Influence of the Electrical Component Tolerances on the Behavior of Series-Series- and LCC-Compensated IPT Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-28, July.
    7. Yan, Xiao-Yu & Yang, Shi-Chun & He, Hong & Tang, Tie-Qiao, 2018. "An optimization model for wireless power transfer system based on circuit simulation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 873-880.
    8. Kamal Eldin Idris Elnail & Xueliang Huang & Chen Xiao & Linlin Tan & Xu Haozhe, 2018. "Core Structure and Electromagnetic Field Evaluation in WPT Systems for Charging Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, July.
    9. Naghmash Ali & Zhizhen Liu & Hammad Armghan & Iftikhar Ahmad & Yanjin Hou, 2021. "LCC-S-Based Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller for a Hybrid Energy Storage System Using a Wireless Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-25, March.
    10. Mohamed, Ahmed A.S. & Shaier, Ahmed A. & Metwally, Hamid & Selem, Sameh I., 2020. "A comprehensive overview of inductive pad in electric vehicles stationary charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    11. Md Morshed Alam & Saad Mekhilef & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan, 2017. "Dynamic Charging of Electric Vehicle with Negligible Power Transfer Fluctuation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-20, May.
    12. Pradeep Vishnuram & Suresh Panchanathan & Narayanamoorthi Rajamanickam & Vijayakumar Krishnasamy & Mohit Bajaj & Marian Piecha & Vojtech Blazek & Lukas Prokop, 2023. "Review of Wireless Charging System: Magnetic Materials, Coil Configurations, Challenges, and Future Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-31, May.
    13. Naghmash Ali & Zhizhen Liu & Yanjin Hou & Hammad Armghan & Xiaozhao Wei & Ammar Armghan, 2020. "LCC-S Based Discrete Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Controller for Efficient Charging through Wireless Power Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, March.
    14. Soares, Laura & Wang, Hao, 2022. "A study on renewed perspectives of electrified road for wireless power transfer of electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    15. Yang Yang & Jinlong Cui & Xin Cui, 2020. "Design and Analysis of Magnetic Coils for Optimizing the Coupling Coefficient in an Electric Vehicle Wireless Power Transfer System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-15, August.
    16. Karam Hwang & Jaeyong Cho & Dongwook Kim & Jaehyoung Park & Jong Hwa Kwon & Sang Il Kwak & Hyun Ho Park & Seungyoung Ahn, 2017. "An Autonomous Coil Alignment System for the Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles to Minimize Lateral Misalignment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, March.

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