IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2017i10p1594-d114893.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Comparative Study on Damage Mechanism of Sandwich Structures with Different Core Materials under Lightning Strikes

Author

Listed:
  • Jiangyan Yan

    (State Key Lab of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Guozheng Wang

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China)

  • Qingmin Li

    (State Key Lab of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Li Zhang

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China)

  • Joseph D. Yan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, UK)

  • Chun Chen

    (Sinoma Wind Power Blade Co., Ltd., Beijing 102100, China)

  • Zhiyang Fang

    (Sinoma Wind Power Blade Co., Ltd., Beijing 102100, China)

Abstract

Wind turbine blades are easily struck by lightning, a phenomenon that has attracted more and more attention in recent years. On this subject a large current experiment was conducted on three typical blade sandwich structures to simulate the natural lightning-induced arc effects. The resulting damage to different composite materials has been compared: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) suffered pyrolysis and cracks inside, while the damage to balsa wood was fibers breaking off and large delamination between it and the resin layer, and only a little chemical pyrolysis. To analyze the damage mechanism on sandwich structures of different materials, a finite element method (FEM) model to calculate the temperature and pressure distribution was built, taking into consideration heat transfer and flow expansion due to impulse currents. According to the simulation results, PVC had the most severe temperature and pressure distribution, while PET and balsa wood were in the better condition after the experiments. The temperature distribution results explained clearly why balsa wood suffered much less chemical pyrolysis than PVC. Since balsa wood had better thermal stability than PET, the pyrolysis area of PET was obviously larger than that of balsa wood too. Increasing the volume fraction of solid components of porous materials can efficiently decrease the heat transfer velocity in porous materials. Permeability didn’t influence that much. The findings provide support for optimum material selection and design in blade manufacturing.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiangyan Yan & Guozheng Wang & Qingmin Li & Li Zhang & Joseph D. Yan & Chun Chen & Zhiyang Fang, 2017. "A Comparative Study on Damage Mechanism of Sandwich Structures with Different Core Materials under Lightning Strikes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1594-:d:114893
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1594/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1594/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rodrigues, R.B. & Mendes, V.M.F. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2011. "Protection of wind energy systems against the indirect effects of lightning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 2888-2896.
    2. Radičević, Branko M. & Savić, Milan S. & Madsen, Søren Find & Badea, Ion, 2012. "Impact of wind turbine blade rotation on the lightning strike incidence – A theoretical and experimental study using a reduced-size model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 644-654.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tomasz Garbowski & Tomasz Gajewski & Jakub Krzysztof Grabski, 2020. "Estimation of the Compressive Strength of Corrugated Cardboard Boxes with Various Openings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis & Nikos Papadakis & Ioannis Ntintakis, 2021. "A Comprehensive Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade Damage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-31, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jiang, Jheng-Lun & Chang, Hong-Chan & Kuo, Cheng-Chien & Huang, Cheng-Kai, 2013. "Transient overvoltage phenomena on the control system of wind turbines due to lightning strike," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 181-189.
    2. He, Hengxin & Chen, Weijiang & Luo, Bin & Bian, Kai & Xiang, Nianwen & Yin, Yu & Zhang, Zhaohua & Dai, Min & He, Tianyu, 2022. "On the electrical breakdown of GFRP wind turbine blades due to direct lightning strokes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 974-985.
    3. Federico Succetti & Antonello Rosato & Rodolfo Araneo & Gianfranco Di Lorenzo & Massimo Panella, 2023. "Challenges and Perspectives of Smart Grid Systems in Islands: A Real Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-37, January.
    4. Rodrigues, R.B. & Mendes, V.M.F. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2012. "Protection of interconnected wind turbines against lightning effects: Overvoltages and electromagnetic transients study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 232-240.
    5. Malcolm, Newman & Aggarwal, Raj K., 2015. "The impact of multiple lightning strokes on the energy absorbed by MOV surge arresters in wind farms during direct lightning strikes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 1305-1314.
    6. Sarajcev, Petar & Vasilj, Josip & Goic, Ranko, 2013. "Monte Carlo analysis of wind farm surge arresters risk of failure due to lightning surges," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 626-634.
    7. Shariatinasab, Reza & Kermani, Behzad & Gholinezhad, Javad, 2019. "Transient modeling of the wind farms in order to analysis the lightning related overvoltages," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1151-1166.
    8. Sarajcev, Petar & Vujevic, Slavko & Lovric, Dino, 2014. "Interfacing harmonic electromagnetic models of grounding systems with the EMTP-ATP software package," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 163-170.
    9. Radičević, Branko M. & Savić, Milan S. & Madsen, Søren Find & Badea, Ion, 2012. "Impact of wind turbine blade rotation on the lightning strike incidence – A theoretical and experimental study using a reduced-size model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 644-654.
    10. Xishan Wen & Lu Qu & Yu Wang & Xiaoyue Chen & Lei Lan & Tianjun Si & Jianwei Xu, 2016. "Effect of Wind Turbine Blade Rotation on Triggering Lightning: An Experimental Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-15, December.
    11. Sarajcev, P. & Vasilj, J. & Jakus, D., 2016. "Monte–Carlo analysis of wind farm lightning-surge transients aided by LINET lightning-detection network data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 501-513.
    12. Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis & Nikos Papadakis & Ioannis Ntintakis, 2021. "A Comprehensive Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade Damage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-31, September.
    13. Yeh, Tsu-Ming & Huang, Yu-Lang, 2014. "Factors in determining wind farm location: Integrating GQM, fuzzy DEMATEL, and ANP," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 159-169.
    14. Rafael B. Rodrigues & Victor M. F. Mendes & João P. S. Catalão, 2012. "Analysis of Transient Phenomena Due to a Direct Lightning Strike on a Wind Energy System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(7), pages 1-14, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1594-:d:114893. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.