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Performance of Academic Staff during COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Work Transformations: An IPO Model for Stress Management

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Shoaib

    (Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic)

  • Ayesha Nawal

    (Faculty of Business and Management, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Renata Korsakienė

    (Department of Management, Vilnius University, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Roman Zámečník

    (Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic)

  • Asad Ur Rehman

    (Faculty of Business and Management, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Agota Giedrė Raišienė

    (Department of Management, Klaipėda University, LT-92227 Klaipėda, Lithuania)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected all spheres of services-related business, including the higher education sector. As a pre-emptive measure, almost all traditional educational institutions have been transformed into virtual organizations. This pandemic-induced work transition has created stress among academic staff and has hampered their performance. The present study aims to examine the impact of leadership behaviors, e-training, and employment security on the stress management process, consequently improving employee performance during and after the pandemic. Based on the IPO (input–process–output) model, this study examines the effect of leadership behavior, e-training, and employment security on teaching staff’s tasks and adaptive and contextual performance, mediated by stress management. To test the conceptual model, data were collected from the teaching staff of Malaysian universities. The structural equation modeling technique was used for data analysis, while bootstrapping with the maximum likelihood estimator was used to confirm the mediational role of stress management. The study revealed that task- and relation-oriented leadership behavior, e-training, and employment security positively influence stress management and employee performance in virtual organizations. Moreover, stress management acts as a full mediator in the relationship between leadership behavior and employee performance, while partial mediation occurs between e-training, employment security, and employee performance. This study offers valuable insights into the literature by proposing leadership behavior, e-training, and employment security as input in the stress management process to attain the performance output of teaching staff. Higher education institutions should come forward to assist their teaching employees in managing their stress levels for better outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Shoaib & Ayesha Nawal & Renata Korsakienė & Roman Zámečník & Asad Ur Rehman & Agota Giedrė Raišienė, 2022. "Performance of Academic Staff during COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Work Transformations: An IPO Model for Stress Management," Economies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:10:y:2022:i:2:p:51-:d:752323
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jessica van Wingerden MBA MCC & Daantje Derks, 2018. "The Effectiveness of Online Stress Management Training Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review," International Journal of Learning and Development, Macrothink Institute, vol. 8(3), pages 57-86, September.
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    4. Schmidt, Gordon B., 2014. "Virtual Leadership: An Important Leadership Context," Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Cambridge University Press, vol. 7(2), pages 182-187, June.
    5. Azman Ismail & Noorshafine Saudin & Yusof Ismail & Ainon Jauhariah Abu Samah & Rizal Abu Bakar & Norish Norsiah Aminudin, 2015. "Effect Of Workplace Stress On Job Performance," Economic Review: Journal of Economics and Business, University of Tuzla, Faculty of Economics, vol. 13(1), pages 45-57, May.
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    2. Cheng, Kuo-Tai & Chang, Kirk, 2022. "The efficacy of stress coping strategies in Taiwan's public utilities during the COVID-19 pandemic," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Svajone Bekesiene & Rasa Smaliukiene, 2022. "Personal Growth under Stress: Mediating Effects of Unit Cohesion and Leadership during Mandatory Military Training," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-17, August.

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