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A Comprehensive Assessment of Rice Straw Returning in China Based on Life Cycle Assessment Method: Implications on Soil, Crops, and Environment

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Listed:
  • Zeyu Tang

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Xiaoyu Zhang

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Ruxin Chen

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Chaomin Ge

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Jianjun Tang

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Yanqiang Du

    (Jin Shanbao Institute for Agricultural & Rural Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)

  • Peikun Jiang

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Xiaobo Fang

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Huabao Zheng

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

  • Cheng Zhang

    (College of Environment and Resources & College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    Zhejiang Province Key Think Tank, Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

Abstract

Straw returning has been shown to improve farmland soil, increase crop yield, and reduce global warming. This study investigated the models of six rice straw-returning techniques based on the life cycle assessment method. Compared to the direct modes, the indirect ones showed a greater environmental impact; up to 20.56 times in acidification and emission potentials. There was no significant difference in climate change among the six types. Except for the burning effect, all other modes showed improvement in soil fertility; phosphorus and organic matter content increased by 66.66% and 30.85%, respectively, microbial biomass carbon content doubled (105%), the four organic carbon components increased by >50%, crop morbidity was reduced, and diversity of soil fungus was improved. Feeding, as an indirect method for enhancing soil fertility and economic benefits, is set to emerge as a leading practice in China’s straw management. However, straw-returning technology is limited by cost, greenhouse gases, and increased risk of diseases and pests. There is an urgent need for further improvement and development of carbon sequestration and emission reduction in China’s agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Zeyu Tang & Xiaoyu Zhang & Ruxin Chen & Chaomin Ge & Jianjun Tang & Yanqiang Du & Peikun Jiang & Xiaobo Fang & Huabao Zheng & Cheng Zhang, 2024. "A Comprehensive Assessment of Rice Straw Returning in China Based on Life Cycle Assessment Method: Implications on Soil, Crops, and Environment," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:7:p:972-:d:1419920
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei Xie & Anfeng Zhu & Tariq Ali & Zhengtao Zhang & Xiaoguang Chen & Feng Wu & Jikun Huang & Kyle Frankel Davis, 2023. "Crop switching can enhance environmental sustainability and farmer incomes in China," Nature, Nature, vol. 616(7956), pages 300-305, April.
    2. Jingmiao Shao & Chunyu Gao & Patience Afi Seglah & Jie Xie & Li Zhao & Yuyun Bi & Yajing Wang, 2023. "Analysis of the Available Straw Nutrient Resources and Substitution of Chemical Fertilizers with Straw Returned Directly to the Field in China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-20, June.
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