IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v13y2023i3p589-d1083508.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Changes in the Properties of Hazelnut Shells Due to Conduction Drying

Author

Listed:
  • Ana Matin

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Ivan Brandić

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Neven Voća

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Nikola Bilandžija

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Božidar Matin

    (Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Vanja Jurišić

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Alan Antonović

    (Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Tajana Krička

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

In this study, the physical properties of two hazelnut species were investigated before and after drying at different temperatures and durations. The results showed that the physical properties of the hazelnut samples, including size, volume, density, weight, kernel mass, and shell mass, were significantly affected by temperature, duration, and their interactions. In addition, the moisture content of the samples decreased with increasing temperature and drying duration. The lowest value for the Istarski duguljasti variety was 5.36% (160 °C and 45 min), while the lowest value for Rimski okrugli was measured at 160 °C and 60 min (5.02%). Ash content was affected by both temperature and time, with the Istarski duguljasti variety having a minimum value of 0.84% at 120 °C and 60 min and Rimski okrugli a maximum value of 1.24% at 100 °C and 30 min. The variables of the ultimate analysis, such as nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, and hydrogen, increased with increasing temperature and time. The oxygen content and the higher heating value decreased with increasing temperature. Energy optimization in the drying process is crucial to reduce costs and save time. Effective energy optimization measures can lead to significant cost savings and improved operational efficiency in the drying process.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Matin & Ivan Brandić & Neven Voća & Nikola Bilandžija & Božidar Matin & Vanja Jurišić & Alan Antonović & Tajana Krička, 2023. "Changes in the Properties of Hazelnut Shells Due to Conduction Drying," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:3:p:589-:d:1083508
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/589/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/589/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Charles R. Harris & K. Jarrod Millman & Stéfan J. Walt & Ralf Gommers & Pauli Virtanen & David Cournapeau & Eric Wieser & Julian Taylor & Sebastian Berg & Nathaniel J. Smith & Robert Kern & Matti Picu, 2020. "Array programming with NumPy," Nature, Nature, vol. 585(7825), pages 357-362, September.
    2. Vera Marcantonio & Enrico Bocci & Danilo Monarca, 2019. "Development of a Chemical Quasi-Equilibrium Model of Biomass Waste Gasification in a Fluidized-Bed Reactor by Using Aspen Plus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Zahra Parhizi & Hamed Karami & Iman Golpour & Mohammad Kaveh & Mariusz Szymanek & Ana M. Blanco-Marigorta & José Daniel Marcos & Esmail Khalife & Stanisław Skowron & Nashwan Adnan Othman & Yousef Darv, 2022. "Modeling and Optimization of Energy and Exergy Parameters of a Hybrid-Solar Dryer for Basil Leaf Drying Using RSM," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-27, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Anna Borkowska & Kamila E. Klimek & Grzegorz Maj & Magdalena Kapłan, 2024. "Analysis of the Energy–Carbon Potential of the Pericarp Cover of Selected Hazelnut Varieties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Geeraert, Joke & Rocha, Luis E.C. & Vandeviver, Christophe, 2024. "The impact of violent behavior on co-offender selection: Evidence of behavioral homophily," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    2. Furqan Dar & Samuel R. Cohen & Diana M. Mitrea & Aaron H. Phillips & Gergely Nagy & Wellington C. Leite & Christopher B. Stanley & Jeong-Mo Choi & Richard W. Kriwacki & Rohit V. Pappu, 2024. "Biomolecular condensates form spatially inhomogeneous network fluids," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    3. López Pérez, Mario & Mansilla Corona, Ricardo, 2022. "Ordinal synchronization and typical states in high-frequency digital markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 598(C).
    4. Jessica M. Vanslambrouck & Sean B. Wilson & Ker Sin Tan & Ella Groenewegen & Rajeev Rudraraju & Jessica Neil & Kynan T. Lawlor & Sophia Mah & Michelle Scurr & Sara E. Howden & Kanta Subbarao & Melissa, 2022. "Enhanced metanephric specification to functional proximal tubule enables toxicity screening and infectious disease modelling in kidney organoids," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, December.
    5. Dennis Bontempi & Leonard Nuernberg & Suraj Pai & Deepa Krishnaswamy & Vamsi Thiriveedhi & Ahmed Hosny & Raymond H. Mak & Keyvan Farahani & Ron Kikinis & Andrey Fedorov & Hugo J. W. L. Aerts, 2024. "End-to-end reproducible AI pipelines in radiology using the cloud," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    6. Lauren L. Porter & Allen K. Kim & Swechha Rimal & Loren L. Looger & Ananya Majumdar & Brett D. Mensh & Mary R. Starich & Marie-Paule Strub, 2022. "Many dissimilar NusG protein domains switch between α-helix and β-sheet folds," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Oren Amsalem & Hidehiko Inagaki & Jianing Yu & Karel Svoboda & Ran Darshan, 2024. "Sub-threshold neuronal activity and the dynamical regime of cerebral cortex," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    8. Matthew Rosenblatt & Link Tejavibulya & Rongtao Jiang & Stephanie Noble & Dustin Scheinost, 2024. "Data leakage inflates prediction performance in connectome-based machine learning models," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    9. Sayedali Shetab Boushehri & Katharina Essig & Nikolaos-Kosmas Chlis & Sylvia Herter & Marina Bacac & Fabian J. Theis & Elke Glasmacher & Carsten Marr & Fabian Schmich, 2023. "Explainable machine learning for profiling the immunological synapse and functional characterization of therapeutic antibodies," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    10. Khaled Akkad & David He, 2023. "A dynamic mode decomposition based deep learning technique for prognostics," Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, vol. 34(5), pages 2207-2224, June.
    11. Romain Fournier & Zoi Tsangalidou & David Reich & Pier Francesco Palamara, 2023. "Haplotype-based inference of recent effective population size in modern and ancient DNA samples," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    12. Laura Portell & Sergi Morera & Helena Ramalhinho, 2022. "Door-to-Door Transportation Services for Reduced Mobility Population: A Descriptive Analytics of the City of Barcelona," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-20, April.
    13. Caroline Haimerl & Douglas A. Ruff & Marlene R. Cohen & Cristina Savin & Eero P. Simoncelli, 2023. "Targeted V1 comodulation supports task-adaptive sensory decisions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    14. Pullinger, Martin & Zapata-Webborn, Ellen & Kilgour, Jonathan & Elam, Simon & Few, Jessica & Goddard, Nigel & Hanmer, Clare & McKenna, Eoghan & Oreszczyn, Tadj & Webb, Lynda, 2024. "Capturing variation in daily energy demand profiles over time with cluster analysis in British homes (September 2019 – August 2022)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
    15. Matthias Wagener & Andriette Bekker & Mohammad Arashi, 2021. "Mastering the Body and Tail Shape of a Distribution," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(21), pages 1-22, October.
    16. Gallo Cassarino, Tiziano & Barrett, Mark, 2022. "Meeting UK heat demands in zero emission renewable energy systems using storage and interconnectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    17. Maren Schnieder, 2023. "Ebike Sharing vs. Bike Sharing: Demand Prediction Using Deep Neural Networks and Random Forests," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-15, September.
    18. Gabriele Orlando & Daniele Raimondi & Ramon Duran-Romaña & Yves Moreau & Joost Schymkowitz & Frederic Rousseau, 2022. "PyUUL provides an interface between biological structures and deep learning algorithms," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    19. Hazal Colak Oz & Çiçek Güven & Gonzalo Nápoles, 2023. "School dropout prediction and feature importance exploration in Malawi using household panel data: machine learning approach," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 245-287, April.
    20. Vincent Wagner & Nicole Erika Radde, 2021. "SiCaSMA: An Alternative Stochastic Description via Concatenation of Markov Processes for a Class of Catalytic Systems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-13, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:3:p:589-:d:1083508. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.