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European tourism policy: Its evolution and structure

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  • Estol, Judith
  • Font, Xavier

Abstract

This article reviews the procedural complexity of tourism policy-making by the European Commission leading up to the 2010 Communication. Initially, the European Commission had to present interventions affecting tourism as a community action or measure; intended to assist in the implementation of the Internal Market. Later, integration of the sustainable development principle into European Treaties established a framework for governance and a foundation for tourism policy, and the Lisbon Treaty in 2007 established a European policy that explicitly related to tourism, albeit a complementary competence in character. This article highlights a lack of leadership from the Member States throughout the process and contrasts this with the self-serving, driving force of the Commission in making tourism policy that focuses primarily on promotional actions. Consequently, the Commission has not created a robust, dynamic, flexible European model for tourism, designed in a way to best serve the needs of the Member States.

Suggested Citation

  • Estol, Judith & Font, Xavier, 2016. "European tourism policy: Its evolution and structure," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 230-241.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:touman:v:52:y:2016:i:c:p:230-241
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.007
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    1. Garrett, Geoffrey, 1992. "International cooperation and institutional choice: the European Community's internal market," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(2), pages 533-560, April.
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    2. Marko D. Petrović & Aleksandra Vujko & Tamara Gajić & Darko B. Vuković & Milan Radovanović & Jasmina M. Jovanović & Natalia Vuković, 2017. "Tourism as an Approach to Sustainable Rural Development in Post-Socialist Countries: A Comparative Study of Serbia and Slovenia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Aleksander Panasiuk & Ewa Wszendybył-Skulska, 2021. "Social Aspects of Tourism Policy in the European Union. The Example of Poland and Slovakia," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-25, February.
    4. Kuo-Tsang Huang & Jen Chun Wang, 2015. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Tourism-Based Leisure Farms in Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-18, August.
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    6. Mitra, Subrata Kumar & Chattopadhyay, Manojit & Jana, R.K., 2019. "Spillover analysis of tourist movements within Europe," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    7. Guix, Mireia & Font, Xavier, 2022. "Consulting on the European Union's 2050 tourism policies: An appreciative inquiry materiality assessment," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    8. Milena Nedeljković Knežević & Marko D. Petrović & Slađana Nedeljković & Maja Mijatov & Milan M. Radovanović & Mirjana Gajić & Miroslav Škoda, 2019. "Changes in Traditional Activities of Industrial Area toward Sustainable Tourism Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-16, November.
    9. Hjalager, Anne-Mette, 2020. "Land-use conflicts in coastal tourism and the quest for governance innovations," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    10. Sotiroula Liasidou, 2022. "Reviewing the Content of European Countries’ Official Tourism Websites: A Neo/Post-Fordist Perspective," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-19, April.
    11. Ivan Paunović & Verka Jovanović, 2017. "Implementation of Sustainable Tourism in the German Alps: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-15, February.
    12. Hansen, Torben, 2020. "Media framing of Copenhagen tourism: A new approach to public opinion about tourists," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    13. Smiljana Pivčević & Lidija Petrić & Ante Mandić, 2020. "Sustainability of Tourism Development in the Mediterranean—Interregional Similarities and Differences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-17, September.
    14. Carlos J. Pardo Abad & José Fernández Álvarez, 2020. "Landscape as Digital Content and a Smart Tourism Resource in the Mining Area of Cartagena-La Unión (Spain)," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-21, April.
    15. Prakoso Havidz Ageng & Syahputri Gusti C. A. & Roziqin Ali & Syaprin Zahidi M., 2023. "Research trajectory on tourism policy: a bibliometric overview," European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, Sciendo, vol. 13(1), pages 56-66, December.
    16. Gajić Tamara & Penić Mirjana & Vujko Aleksandra & Petrović Marko D., 2018. "Development Perspectives of Rural Tourism Policy – a Comparative Study of Rural Tourism Competitiveness Based on Perceptions of Tourism Workers in Slovenia and Serbia," Eastern European Countryside, Sciendo, vol. 24(1), pages 143-154, December.
    17. Bailey Ashton Adie & Martin Falk, 2021. "Residents’ perception of cultural heritage in terms of job creation and overtourism in Europe," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(6), pages 1185-1201, September.
    18. Yufeng Cheng & Kai Zhu & Quan Zhou & Youssef El Archi & Moaaz Kabil & Bulcsú Remenyik & Lóránt Dénes Dávid, 2023. "Tourism Ecological Efficiency and Sustainable Development in the Hanjiang River Basin: A Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Model Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, April.
    19. Anestis Fotiadis & Guych Nuryyev & Jennet Achyldurdyyeva & Anastasia Spyridou, 2019. "The Impact of EU Sponsorship, Size, and Geographic Characteristics on Rural Tourism Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, April.

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