IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v76y2017icp485-492.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Geothermal energy in Turkey and around the World: A review of the literature and an analysis based on Turkey's Vision 2023 energy targets

Author

Listed:
  • Melikoglu, Mehmet

Abstract

Turkey's geothermal energy potential suitable for electricity generation was estimated at nearly 4500MW. In Turkey, work on power production from geothermal energy started in the second half of the 20th century. However, capacity build up and investments accelerated after 2000s. This is mostly related to Turkey's staggering economic growth in the last 10 years, which concurrently increased the country's energy demand. Also, renewable energy, especially geothermal energy, legislations passed and laws enacted in the last 10 years eased the process. The subsidies and supports to the private sector also positively affected the development of geothermal power plants. The growth of Turkey's energy market is a part of Turkey's ambitious Vision 2023 energy targets. One of the main aims of which is to produce 30% of Turkey's electricity demand in 2023 from renewable energy sources. However, geothermal energy has the smallest share (in terms of installed capacity) in the Vision 2023 energy targets set at 600MW by the year 2023 (target, as of 2015, can be modified). This means geothermal power plants could only provide 0.5% of Turkey's installed capacity, which was estimated as 120,000MW in the year 2023. In this study, it was pinpointed that geothermal energy installed capacity of Turkey reached to 623.9MW at the end of 2015. This is critically important for the realisation of the Vision 2023 energy targets, and it is the first renewable energy target that has been fulfilled before 2023. Also, in this study, it was suggested to modify the Vision 2023 targets to increase the geothermal energy installed capacity to 1000MW. By this way, the share of geothermal energy in Turkey's installed capacity of 2023 could rise to nearly 0.8%.

Suggested Citation

  • Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2017. "Geothermal energy in Turkey and around the World: A review of the literature and an analysis based on Turkey's Vision 2023 energy targets," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 485-492.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:76:y:2017:i:c:p:485-492
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.082
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032117304227
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.082?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Wei & Yang, Shuyun, 2013. "The influence of energy consumption of China on its real GDP from aggregated and disaggregated viewpoints," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 76-81.
    2. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2014. "Demand forecast for road transportation fuels including gasoline, diesel, LPG, bioethanol and biodiesel for Turkey between 2013 and 2023," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 164-171.
    3. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2016. "The role of renewables and nuclear energy in Turkey׳s Vision 2023 energy targets: Economic and technical scrutiny," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1-12.
    4. Lonngren, Karl E. & Bai, Er-Wei, 2008. "On the global warming problem due to carbon dioxide," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1567-1568, April.
    5. Alimonti, C. & Soldo, E., 2016. "Study of geothermal power generation from a very deep oil well with a wellbore heat exchanger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 292-301.
    6. Rivera Diaz, Alexandre & Kaya, Eylem & Zarrouk, Sadiq J., 2016. "Reinjection in geothermal fields − A worldwide review update," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 105-162.
    7. Schiel, Kerry & Baume, Olivier & Caruso, Geoffrey & Leopold, Ulrich, 2016. "GIS-based modelling of shallow geothermal energy potential for CO2 emission mitigation in urban areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 1023-1036.
    8. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2013. "Hydropower in Turkey: Analysis in the view of Vision 2023," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 503-510.
    9. Aksoy, Niyazi, 2014. "Power generation from geothermal resources in Turkey," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 595-601.
    10. Eyidogan, Muharrem & Canka Kilic, Fatma & Kaya, Durmus & Coban, Volkan & Cagman, Selman, 2016. "Investigation of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technologies in Turkey from the technical and economic point of view," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 885-895.
    11. Barkaoui, Alae-Eddine & Boldyryev, Stanislav & Duic, Neven & Krajacic, Goran & Guzović, Zvonimir, 2016. "Appropriate integration of geothermal energy sources by Pinch approach: Case study of Croatia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1343-1349.
    12. Nicholson, Martin & Biegler, Tom & Brook, Barry W., 2011. "How carbon pricing changes the relative competitiveness of low-carbon baseload generating technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 305-313.
    13. Pacesila, Mihaela & Burcea, Stefan Gabriel & Colesca, Sofia Elena, 2016. "Analysis of renewable energies in European Union," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 156-170.
    14. Akinlo, A.E., 2008. "Energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from 11 Sub-Sahara African countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 2391-2400, September.
    15. Cook, David & Davidsdottir, Brynhildur & Petursson, Jón Geir, 2015. "Accounting for the utilisation of geothermal energy resources within the genuine progress indicator—A methodological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 211-220.
    16. Park, Eunil & Kwon, Sang Jib, 2016. "Solutions for optimizing renewable power generation systems at Kyung-Hee University׳s Global Campus, South Korea," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 439-449.
    17. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2013. "Vision 2023: Forecasting Turkey's natural gas demand between 2013 and 2030," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 393-400.
    18. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2013. "Vision 2023: Feasibility analysis of Turkey's renewable energy projection," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 570-575.
    19. Nasruddin, & Idrus Alhamid, M. & Daud, Yunus & Surachman, Arief & Sugiyono, Agus & Aditya, H.B. & Mahlia, T.M.I., 2016. "Potential of geothermal energy for electricity generation in Indonesia: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 733-740.
    20. Kaya, Eylem & Zarrouk, Sadiq J. & O'Sullivan, Michael J., 2011. "Reinjection in geothermal fields: A review of worldwide experience," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 47-68, January.
    21. Al-mulali, Usama & Fereidouni, Hassan Gholipour & Lee, Janice Ym & Sab, Che Normee Binti Che, 2013. "Examining the bi-directional long run relationship between renewable energy consumption and GDP growth," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 209-222.
    22. Younas, Umair & Khan, B. & Ali, S.M. & Arshad, C.M. & Farid, U. & Zeb, Kamran & Rehman, Fahad & Mehmood, Yasir & Vaccaro, A., 2016. "Pakistan geothermal renewable energy potential for electric power generation: A survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 398-413.
    23. Menegaki, Angeliki N., 2014. "On energy consumption and GDP studies; A meta-analysis of the last two decades," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 31-36.
    24. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2013. "Vision 2023: Assessing the feasibility of electricity and biogas production from municipal solid waste in Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 52-63.
    25. Nakomcic-Smaragdakis, Branka & Dvornic, Tijana & Cepic, Zoran & Dragutinovic, Natasa, 2016. "Analysis and possible geothermal energy utilization in a municipality of Panonian Basin of Serbia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 940-951.
    26. Liddle, Brantley & Lung, Sidney, 2015. "Revisiting energy consumption and GDP causality: Importance of a priori hypothesis testing, disaggregated data, and heterogeneous panels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 44-55.
    27. Alcaraz, Mar & García-Gil, Alejandro & Vázquez-Suñé, Enric & Velasco, Violeta, 2016. "Use rights markets for shallow geothermal energy management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 34-46.
    28. Zheng, Bobo & Xu, Jiuping & Ni, Ting & Li, Meihui, 2015. "Geothermal energy utilization trends from a technological paradigm perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 430-441.
    29. Nakomcic-Smaragdakis, Branka & Stajic, Tijana & Cepic, Zoran & Djuric, Slavko, 2012. "Geothermal energy potentials in the province of Vojvodina from the aspect of the direct energy utilization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5696-5706.
    30. Pfenninger, Stefan & Keirstead, James, 2015. "Comparing concentrating solar and nuclear power as baseload providers using the example of South Africa," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 303-314.
    31. Malafeh, Sam & Sharp, Basil, 2015. "Role of royalties in sustainable geothermal energy development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 235-242.
    32. Bleicher, Alena & Gross, Matthias, 2016. "Geothermal heat pumps and the vagaries of subterranean geology: Energy independence at a household level as a real world experiment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 279-288.
    33. Trumpy, Eugenio & Bertani, Ruggero & Manzella, Adele & Sander, Marietta, 2015. "The web-oriented framework of the world geothermal production database: A business intelligence platform for wide data distribution and analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 379-389.
    34. Borozan, Djula, 2013. "Exploring the relationship between energy consumption and GDP: Evidence from Croatia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 373-381.
    35. Chamorro, César R. & Mondéjar, María E. & Ramos, Roberto & Segovia, José J. & Martín, María C. & Villamañán, Miguel A., 2012. "World geothermal power production status: Energy, environmental and economic study of high enthalpy technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 10-18.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Anand, R.S. & Li, Ang & Huang, Wenbo & Chen, Juanwen & Li, Zhibin & Ma, Qingshan & Jiang, Fangming, 2024. "Super-long gravity heat pipe for geothermal energy exploitation - A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    2. Joseph Oyekale & Mario Petrollese & Vittorio Tola & Giorgio Cau, 2020. "Impacts of Renewable Energy Resources on Effectiveness of Grid-Integrated Systems: Succinct Review of Current Challenges and Potential Solution Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-48, September.
    3. Xia, Liangyu & Zhang, Yabo, 2019. "An overview of world geothermal power generation and a case study on China—The resource and market perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 411-423.
    4. Pan, Shu-Yuan & Gao, Mengyao & Shah, Kinjal J. & Zheng, Jianming & Pei, Si-Lu & Chiang, Pen-Chi, 2019. "Establishment of enhanced geothermal energy utilization plans: Barriers and strategies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 19-32.
    5. Calise, F. & Di Fraia, S. & Macaluso, A. & Massarotti, N. & Vanoli, L., 2018. "A geothermal energy system for wastewater sludge drying and electricity production in a small island," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 130-143.
    6. Gao, Xuefeng & Zhang, Yanjun & Huang, Yibin & Ma, Yongjie & Zhao, Yi & Liu, Qiangbin, 2021. "Study on heat extraction considering the number and orientation of multilateral wells in a complex fractured geothermal reservoir," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 833-852.
    7. Rahim Zahedi & Alireza Zahedi & Abolfazl Ahmadi, 2022. "Strategic Study for Renewable Energy Policy, Optimizations and Sustainability in Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-29, February.
    8. Wang, Yongzhen & Li, Chengjun & Zhao, Jun & Wu, Boyuan & Du, Yanping & Zhang, Jing & Zhu, Yilin, 2021. "The above-ground strategies to approach the goal of geothermal power generation in China: State of art and future researches," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    9. Song, Guofeng & Song, Xianzhi & Ji, Jiayan & Wu, Xiaoguang & Li, Gensheng & Xu, Fuqiang & Shi, Yu & Wang, Gaosheng, 2022. "Evolution of fracture aperture and thermal productivity influenced by chemical reaction in enhanced geothermal system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 126-142.
    10. Li, Shijie & Liu, Jie & Huang, Wanying & Zhang, Chenghang, 2024. "Numerical simulation of the thermo-hydro-chemical coupling in enhanced geothermal systems: Impact of SiO2 dissolution/precipitation in matrix and fractures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    11. Vivek Aggarwal & Chandan Swaroop Meena & Ashok Kumar & Tabish Alam & Anuj Kumar & Arijit Ghosh & Aritra Ghosh, 2020. "Potential and Future Prospects of Geothermal Energy in Space Conditioning of Buildings: India and Worldwide Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-19, October.
    12. Chi Yao & Yulong Shao & Jianhua Yang, 2018. "Numerical Investigation on the Influence of Areal Flow on EGS Thermal Exploitation Based on the 3-D T-H Single Fracture Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, November.
    13. Ozcan, Mustafa, 2018. "The role of renewables in increasing Turkey's self-sufficiency in electrical energy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2629-2639.
    14. Akbari Kordlar, M. & Mahmoudi, S.M.S. & Talati, F. & Yari, M. & Mosaffa, A.H., 2019. "A new flexible geothermal based cogeneration system producing power and refrigeration, part two: The influence of ambient temperature," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 875-887.
    15. Dincer, Hasan & Yuksel, Serhat, 2019. "Balanced scorecard-based analysis of investment decisions for the renewable energy alternatives: A comparative analysis based on the hybrid fuzzy decision-making approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 1259-1270.
    16. Milanović Pešić, Ana & Brankov, Jovana & Denda, Stefan & Bjeljac, Željko & Micić, Jasna, 2022. "Geothermal energy in Serbia – Current state, utilization and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    17. Song, Xianzhi & Shi, Yu & Li, Gensheng & Yang, Ruiyue & Wang, Gaosheng & Zheng, Rui & Li, Jiacheng & Lyu, Zehao, 2018. "Numerical simulation of heat extraction performance in enhanced geothermal system with multilateral wells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C), pages 325-337.
    18. Zhou, Luming & Zhu, Zhende & Xie, Xinghua & Hu, Yunjin, 2022. "Coupled thermal–hydraulic–mechanical model for an enhanced geothermal system and numerical analysis of its heat mining performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1440-1458.
    19. Ji, Jiayan & Song, Xianzhi & Song, Guofeng & Xu, Fuqiang & Shi, Yu & Lv, Zehao & Li, Shuang & Yi, Junlin, 2023. "Study on fracture evolution model of the enhanced geothermal system under thermal-hydraulic-chemical-deformation coupling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    20. Ilyas Khurshid & Imran Afgan, 2021. "Investigation of Water Composition on Formation Damage and Related Energy Recovery from Geothermal Reservoirs: Geochemical and Geomechanics Insights," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2016. "The role of renewables and nuclear energy in Turkey׳s Vision 2023 energy targets: Economic and technical scrutiny," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1-12.
    2. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2017. "Pumped hydroelectric energy storage: Analysing global development and assessing potential applications in Turkey based on Vision 2023 hydroelectricity wind and solar energy targets," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 146-153.
    3. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2017. "Vision 2023: Status quo and future of biomass and coal for sustainable energy generation in Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 800-808.
    4. Mahmoodpour, Saeed & Singh, Mrityunjay & Turan, Aysegul & Bär, Kristian & Sass, Ingo, 2022. "Simulations and global sensitivity analysis of the thermo-hydraulic-mechanical processes in a fractured geothermal reservoir," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    5. Osman Özkaraca & Pınar Keçebaş & Cihan Demircan & Ali Keçebaş, 2017. "Thermodynamic Optimization of a Geothermal- Based Organic Rankine Cycle System Using an Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-28, October.
    6. Tsagarakis, Konstantinos P. & Efthymiou, Loukia & Michopoulos, Apostolos & Mavragani, Amaryllis & Anđelković, Aleksandar S. & Antolini, Francesco & Bacic, Mario & Bajare, Diana & Baralis, Matteo & Bog, 2020. "A review of the legal framework in shallow geothermal energy in selected European countries: Need for guidelines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P2), pages 2556-2571.
    7. Melikoglu, Mehmet, 2013. "Hydropower in Turkey: Analysis in the view of Vision 2023," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 503-510.
    8. Moya, Diego & Aldás, Clay & Kaparaju, Prasad, 2018. "Geothermal energy: Power plant technology and direct heat applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 889-901.
    9. Joseph Oyekale & Mario Petrollese & Vittorio Tola & Giorgio Cau, 2020. "Impacts of Renewable Energy Resources on Effectiveness of Grid-Integrated Systems: Succinct Review of Current Challenges and Potential Solution Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-48, September.
    10. Lu s Miguel Marques & Jos Alberto Fuinhas & Ant nio Cardoso Marques, 2017. "On the Dynamics of Energy-growth Nexus: Evidence from a World Divided into Four Regions," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 7(3), pages 208-215.
    11. Pan, Shu-Yuan & Gao, Mengyao & Shah, Kinjal J. & Zheng, Jianming & Pei, Si-Lu & Chiang, Pen-Chi, 2019. "Establishment of enhanced geothermal energy utilization plans: Barriers and strategies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 19-32.
    12. Liobikienė, Genovaitė & Butkus, Mindaugas, 2017. "Environmental Kuznets Curve of greenhouse gas emissions including technological progress and substitution effects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 237-248.
    13. Ozcan, Mustafa, 2018. "The role of renewables in increasing Turkey's self-sufficiency in electrical energy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2629-2639.
    14. Marques, António Cardoso & Fuinhas, José Alberto & Menegaki, Angeliki N., 2014. "Interactions between electricity generation sources and economic activity in Greece: A VECM approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 34-46.
    15. Satir, Mert & Murphy, Fionnuala & McDonnell, Kevin, 2018. "Feasibility study of an offshore wind farm in the Aegean Sea, Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2552-2562.
    16. Mohammadzadeh Bina, Saeid & Jalilinasrabady, Saeid & Fujii, Hikari & Pambudi, Nugroho Agung, 2018. "Classification of geothermal resources in Indonesia by applying exergy concept," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 499-506.
    17. Sebri, Maamar, 2015. "Use renewables to be cleaner: Meta-analysis of the renewable energy consumption–economic growth nexus," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 657-665.
    18. Gude, Veera Gnaneswar, 2016. "Geothermal source potential for water desalination – Current status and future perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1038-1065.
    19. Anupam Das & Adian McFarlane & Luc Carels, 2021. "Empirical exploration of remittances and renewable energy consumption in Bangladesh," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 65-89, February.
    20. Halkos, George E. & Tzeremes, Nickolaos G., 2014. "The effect of electricity consumption from renewable sources on countries׳ economic growth levels: Evidence from advanced, emerging and developing economies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 166-173.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:76:y:2017:i:c:p:485-492. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.