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Critical research areas on load frequency control issues in a deregulated power system: A state-of-the-art-of-review

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  • Pappachen, Abhijith
  • Peer Fathima, A.

Abstract

In this paper, an extensive literature survey on critical research areas of various load frequency control (LFC) methods in a deregulated power system with conventional and distributed power generators are emphasized. The main goal of LFC is to ensure zero steady state error for frequency and tie-line power deviations. This paper provides an overview of different types of deregulated power system structures, market models, contracts agreements and various control methodologies/techniques for mitigating the various LFC issues in a deregulated power system. Detailed analysis of various control methodologies based on classical control, robust and self tuning control and various soft computing control techniques are discussed. Finally, the investigations on incorporating fast acting energy storage devices such as Battery energy storage system (BESS), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), Redox flow batteries (RFB) and Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices for mitigating the LFC problems in a deregulated power system are also addressed.

Suggested Citation

  • Pappachen, Abhijith & Peer Fathima, A., 2017. "Critical research areas on load frequency control issues in a deregulated power system: A state-of-the-art-of-review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 163-177.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:72:y:2017:i:c:p:163-177
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.053
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    9. Banshwar, Anuj & Sharma, Naveen Kumar & Sood, Yog Raj & Shrivastava, Rajnish, 2018. "An international experience of technical and economic aspects of ancillary services in deregulated power industry: Lessons for emerging BRIC electricity markets," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 774-801.
    10. Sadeq D. Al-Majidi & Hisham Dawood Salman Altai & Mohammed H. Lazim & Mohammed Kh. Al-Nussairi & Maysam F. Abbod & Hamed S. Al-Raweshidy, 2023. "Bacterial Foraging Algorithm for a Neural Network Learning Improvement in an Automatic Generation Controller," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.
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    12. Anh-Tuan Tran & Bui Le Ngoc Minh & Van Van Huynh & Phong Thanh Tran & Emmanuel Nduka Amaefule & Van-Duc Phan & Tam Minh Nguyen, 2021. "Load Frequency Regulator in Interconnected Power System Using Second-Order Sliding Mode Control Combined with State Estimator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-17, February.
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    14. Kaleem Ullah & Abdul Basit & Zahid Ullah & Sheraz Aslam & Herodotos Herodotou, 2021. "Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-43, April.
    15. Arya, Yogendra, 2019. "AGC of PV-thermal and hydro-thermal power systems using CES and a new multi-stage FPIDF-(1+PI) controller," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 796-806.

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