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Application of TCE-PCM based heat sinks for cooling of electronic components: A review

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  • Sahoo, Santosh Kumar
  • Das, Mihir Kumar
  • Rath, Prasenjit

Abstract

Generally, the commercial and industrial electronic devices are required to be operated under 100°C.Therefore, there is a need to remove heat effectively from these devices under different loading conditions. Till now, Phase Change Material (PCM) based heat sinks are emerging as one of the effective techniques for removal of heat from the electronic devices. However, the low thermal conductivity of PCM situates a hindrance to the development. Thus, current research focuses on improving the thermal performance of PCM using thermal conductivity enhancer (TCE). At present internal fins, metallic foams and nano particles are mixed with PCM to enhance the performance of heat sinks. These are called as thermal conductivity enhancers. This article reviews methodologically various papers on the methods used for enhancement of PCM performance in cooling of electronic components. The effect of various parameters influencing the performance of the TCE-PCM based heat sinks are discussed in systematic order. The performance of these heat sinks under constant and variable thermal load are also evaluated. Out of these three TCE, metallic foams in heat sinks provides a higher surface area to volume ratio, good thermal conductivity and considerable weight advantage.

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  • Sahoo, Santosh Kumar & Das, Mihir Kumar & Rath, Prasenjit, 2016. "Application of TCE-PCM based heat sinks for cooling of electronic components: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 550-582.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:59:y:2016:i:c:p:550-582
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.238
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    1. Hosseinzadeh, Kh. & Moghaddam, M.A. Erfani & Asadi, A. & Mogharrebi, A.R. & Ganji, D.D., 2020. "Effect of internal fins along with Hybrid Nano-Particles on solid process in star shape triplex Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System by numerical simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 497-507.
    2. Shao, Xue-Feng & Yang, Sheng & Wang, Chao & Yang, Yong-Jian & Wang, Wu-Jun & Zeng, Yi & Fan, Li-Wu, 2019. "Screening of sugar alcohols and their binary eutectic mixtures as phase change materials for low-to-medium temperature thermal energy storage. (Ⅱ): Isothermal melting and crystallization behaviors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 572-583.
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    5. Ghanbarpour, A. & Hosseini, M.J. & Ranjbar, A.A. & Rahimi, M. & Bahrampoury, R. & Ghanbarpour, M., 2021. "Evaluation of heat sink performance using PCM and vapor chamber/heat pipe," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 698-719.
    6. Safari, Vahid & Kamkari, Babak & Hooman, Kamel & Khodadadi, J.M., 2022. "Sensitivity analysis of design parameters for melting process of lauric acid in the vertically and horizontally oriented rectangular thermal storage units," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    7. Alva, Guruprasad & Lin, Yaxue & Fang, Guiyin, 2018. "An overview of thermal energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 341-378.
    8. Hu, Xusheng & Gong, Xiaolu & Zhu, Feng & Xing, Xiaodong & Li, Zhongru & Zhang, Xiaoxia, 2023. "Thermal analysis and optimization of metal foam PCM-based heat sink for thermal management of electronic devices," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 227-237.
    9. Zhang, Hongyun & Wang, Lingling & Xi, Shaobo & Xie, Huaqing & Yu, Wei, 2021. "3D porous copper foam-based shape-stabilized composite phase change materials for high photothermal conversion, thermal conductivity and storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 307-317.
    10. Mohammad Ghalambaz & S.A.M. Mehryan & Hassan Shirivand & Farshid Shalbafi & Obai Younis & Kiao Inthavong & Goodarz Ahmadi & Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, 2021. "Simulation of a Fast-Charging Porous Thermal Energy Storage System Saturated with a Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
    11. Nadezhda S. Bondareva & Mohammad Ghalambaz & Mikhail A. Sheremet, 2021. "Influence of the Fin Shape on Heat Transport in Phase Change Material Heat Sink with Constant Heat Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-15, March.
    12. Rakshith, Bairi Levi & Asirvatham, Lazarus Godson & Angeline, Appadurai Anitha & Manova, Stephen & Bose, Jefferson Raja & Selvin Raj, J Perinba & Mahian, Omid & Wongwises, Somchai, 2022. "Cooling of high heat flux miniaturized electronic devices using thermal ground plane: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    13. Gulfam, Raza & Zhang, Peng & Meng, Zhaonan, 2019. "Advanced thermal systems driven by paraffin-based phase change materials – A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 582-611.
    14. Kahwaji, Samer & Johnson, Michel B. & Kheirabadi, Ali C. & Groulx, Dominic & White, Mary Anne, 2018. "A comprehensive study of properties of paraffin phase change materials for solar thermal energy storage and thermal management applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1169-1182.
    15. Wang, Jin & Li, Yanxin & Zheng, Dan & Mikulčić, Hrvoje & Vujanović, Milan & Sundén, Bengt, 2021. "Preparation and thermophysical property analysis of nanocomposite phase change materials for energy storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    16. Sharma, S. & Micheli, L. & Chang, W. & Tahir, A.A. & Reddy, K.S. & Mallick, T.K., 2017. "Nano-enhanced Phase Change Material for thermal management of BICPV," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 719-733.
    17. Mohammad Ghalambaz & Seyed Abdollah Mansouri Mehryan & Masoud Mozaffari & Obai Younis & Aritra Ghosh, 2021. "The Effect of Variable-Length Fins and Different High Thermal Conductivity Nanoparticles in the Performance of the Energy Storage Unit Containing Bio-Based Phase Change Substance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-22, March.
    18. Liu, Yang & Zheng, Ruowei & Li, Ji, 2022. "High latent heat phase change materials (PCMs) with low melting temperature for thermal management and storage of electronic devices and power batteries: Critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    19. Emam, Mohamed & Ookawara, Shinichi & Ahmed, Mahmoud, 2019. "Thermal management of electronic devices and concentrator photovoltaic systems using phase change material heat sinks: Experimental investigations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 322-339.
    20. Hamed Rasam & Prosun Roy & Laura Savoldi & Shabnam Ghahremanian, 2020. "Numerical Assessment of Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation of a Porous Metal Heat Sink for Electronic Cooling Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, July.
    21. Wang, Jian & Kong, Hui & Xu, Yaobin & Wu, Jinsong, 2019. "Experimental investigation of heat transfer and flow characteristics in finned copper foam heat sinks subjected to jet impingement cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 433-443.

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