IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v59y2016icp1653-1675.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparative study of HVAC and HVDC transmission systems

Author

Listed:
  • Kalair, A.
  • Abas, N.
  • Khan, N.

Abstract

Transport of energy over long distances from remote natural sources to consumers in big cities requires technical, economic and environmental considerations. Uncertain wind flow, sunshine, faults and communication failures can compromise system safety, reliability, power quality during small signal and large scale power system oscillations. HVAC systems tackle power swing issue by electrical islanding protection schemes which would need to be revised for integrated AC/DC systems. Advent of DC transformers, CSC-HVDC, VSC-HVDC and MMC-HVDC technologies have enabled the enhancement of power delivery and integration of renewable energy sources under smart grid vision. HVDC transmission lines are recognized as an efficient alternative to HVAC lines. HVAC system power transfer capability is limited by reactance, whereas HVDC lines can be loaded up to the conductor thermal limit. This paper reviews power transfer capabilities of HVAC, HVDC and High Phase Order (HPO) HVAC lines to compare their relative performance under diverse conditions. Techno-economic analysis of converting existing AC lines into DC lines is presented. High voltage race has been analyzed in context of environmental concerns and HVDC transmission systems are concluded to be the right path to energy transition.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalair, A. & Abas, N. & Khan, N., 2016. "Comparative study of HVAC and HVDC transmission systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1653-1675.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:59:y:2016:i:c:p:1653-1675
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.288
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115016718
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.288?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Van Hertem, Dirk & Ghandhari, Mehrdad, 2010. "Multi-terminal VSC HVDC for the European supergrid: Obstacles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 3156-3163, December.
    2. Pathak, A.K. & Sharma, M.P & Bundele, Mahesh, 2015. "A critical review of voltage and reactive power management of wind farms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 460-471.
    3. Thomas, Heiko & Marian, Adela & Chervyakov, Alexander & Stückrad, Stefan & Salmieri, Delia & Rubbia, Carlo, 2016. "Superconducting transmission lines – Sustainable electric energy transfer with higher public acceptance?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 59-72.
    4. Teichler, Stephen L. & Levitine, Ilia, 2010. "HVDC Transmission: A Path to the Future?," The Electricity Journal, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 27-41, May.
    5. de Jong, Pieter & Kiperstok, Asher & Torres, Ednildo A., 2015. "Economic and environmental analysis of electricity generation technologies in Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 725-739.
    6. Lund, Peter D. & Lindgren, Juuso & Mikkola, Jani & Salpakari, Jyri, 2015. "Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 785-807.
    7. Colak, Ilhami & Sagiroglu, Seref & Fulli, Gianluca & Yesilbudak, Mehmet & Covrig, Catalin-Felix, 2016. "A survey on the critical issues in smart grid technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 396-405.
    8. Ding, Ming & Xu, Zhicheng & Wang, Weisheng & Wang, Xiuli & Song, Yunting & Chen, Dezhi, 2016. "A review on China׳s large-scale PV integration: Progress, challenges and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 639-652.
    9. Robert N. McCauley & Guonan Ma, 2013. "Global and Euro Imbalances: China and Germany," SUERF 50th Anniversary Volume Chapters, in: Morten Balling & Ernest Gnan (ed.), 50 Years of Money and Finance: Lessons and Challenges, chapter 2, pages 43-72, SUERF - The European Money and Finance Forum.
    10. Kishore, T.S. & Singal, S.K., 2014. "Optimal economic planning of power transmission lines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 949-974.
    11. Pickard, William F., 2013. "The limits of HVDC transmission," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 292-300.
    12. Eissa (SIEEE), M.M., 2015. "Protection techniques with renewable resources and smart grids—A survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1645-1667.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liao, Shengli & Yang, Hualong & Liu, Benxi & Zhao, Hongye & Liu, Huan & Ma, Xiangyu & Wu, Huijun, 2022. "Daily peak-shaving model of cascade hydropower serving multi-grids considering an HVDC channel shared constraint," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 112-122.
    2. Hutchison, Zoë L. & Gill, Andrew B. & Sigray, Peter & He, Haibo & King, John W., 2021. "A modelling evaluation of electromagnetic fields emitted by buried subsea power cables and encountered by marine animals: Considerations for marine renewable energy development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 72-81.
    3. Hannan, M.A. & Lipu, M.S. Hossain & Ker, Pin Jern & Begum, R.A. & Agelidis, Vasilios G. & Blaabjerg, F., 2019. "Power electronics contribution to renewable energy conversion addressing emission reduction: Applications, issues, and recommendations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    4. d'Amore-Domenech, Rafael & Leo, Teresa J. & Pollet, Bruno G., 2021. "Bulk power transmission at sea: Life cycle cost comparison of electricity and hydrogen as energy vectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    5. Abas, N. & Kalair, A. & Khan, N. & Kalair, A.R., 2017. "Review of GHG emissions in Pakistan compared to SAARC countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 990-1016.
    6. Haoke Wu & Lorenzo Solida & Tao Huang & Ettore Bompard, 2023. "Allowing Large Penetration of Concentrated RES in Europe and North Africa via a Hybrid HVAC-HVDC Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-17, March.
    7. Prahaladh Paniyil & Vishwas Powar & Rajendra Singh, 2021. "Sustainable Intelligent Charging Infrastructure for Electrification of Transportation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-23, August.
    8. Xiaodong Li & Zheng Xu, 2021. "Feasibility Evaluation on Elimination of DC Filters for Line-Commutated Converter-Based High-Voltage Direct Current Projects in New Situations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-16, September.
    9. Veronika Wittmann & Elif Arici & Dieter Meissner, 2021. "The Nexus of World Electricity and Global Sustainable Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-21, September.
    10. Nansheng Pang & Wenjing Guo, 2019. "Uncertain Hybrid Multiple Attribute Group Decision of Offshore Wind Power Transmission Mode Based on theVIKOR Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-21, November.
    11. Kalair, A. & Abas, N. & Kalair, A.R. & Saleem, Z. & Khan, N., 2017. "Review of harmonic analysis, modeling and mitigation techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1152-1187.
    12. Khan, N. & Kalair, A. & Abas, N. & Haider, A., 2017. "Review of ocean tidal, wave and thermal energy technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 590-604.
    13. Jiang, Sufan & Wu, Chuanshen & Gao, Shan & Pan, Guangsheng & Liu, Yu & Zhao, Xin & Wang, Sicheng, 2022. "Robust frequency risk-constrained unit commitment model for AC-DC system considering wind uncertainty," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 395-406.
    14. Mohsin Ali Koondhar & Ghulam Sarwar Kaloi & Abdul Sattar Saand & Sadullah Chandio & Wonsuk Ko & Sisam Park & Hyeong-Jin Choi & Ragab Abdelaziz El-Sehiemy, 2023. "Critical Technical Issues with a Voltage-Source-Converter-Based High Voltage Direct Current Transmission System for the Onshore Integration of Offshore Wind Farms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-21, September.
    15. Morris Brenna & Federica Foiadelli & Michela Longo & Dario Zaninelli, 2017. "Improvement of Wind Energy Production through HVDC Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-25, January.
    16. Edson Bortoni & Zulcy de Souza & Augusto Viana & Helcio Villa-Nova & Ângelo Rezek & Luciano Pinto & Roberto Siniscalchi & Rafael Bragança & José Bernardes, 2019. "The Benefits of Variable Speed Operation in Hydropower Plants Driven by Francis Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, September.
    17. Zhang, Jiawei & Wang, Jiaxin & Zhang, Ning & Wang, Peng & Wang, Yating & Fang, Chen, 2024. "Droop coefficient placements for grid-side energy storage considering nodal frequency constraints under large disturbances," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    18. Alassi, Abdulrahman & Bañales, Santiago & Ellabban, Omar & Adam, Grain & MacIver, Callum, 2019. "HVDC Transmission: Technology Review, Market Trends and Future Outlook," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 530-554.
    19. Arcia-Garibaldi, Guadalupe & Cruz-Romero, Pedro & Gómez-Expósito, Antonio, 2018. "Future power transmission: Visions, technologies and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 285-301.
    20. Muhammed Zafar Ali Khan & Haider Ali Khan & Muhammad Aziz, 2022. "Harvesting Energy from Ocean: Technologies and Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-43, May.
    21. Awais Karni & Omid Beik & Mahzad Gholamian & Mahdi Homaeinezhad & Muhammad Owais Manzoor, 2024. "Multilevel Middle Point Clamped (MMPC) Converter for DC Wind Power Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-18, September.
    22. Shangen Tian & David Campos-Gaona & Vinícius A. Lacerda & Raymundo E. Torres-Olguin & Olimpo Anaya-Lara, 2020. "Novel Control Approach for a Hybrid Grid-Forming HVDC Offshore Transmission System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alassi, Abdulrahman & Bañales, Santiago & Ellabban, Omar & Adam, Grain & MacIver, Callum, 2019. "HVDC Transmission: Technology Review, Market Trends and Future Outlook," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 530-554.
    2. Arcia-Garibaldi, Guadalupe & Cruz-Romero, Pedro & Gómez-Expósito, Antonio, 2018. "Future power transmission: Visions, technologies and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 285-301.
    3. Cruz, Marco R.M. & Fitiwi, Desta Z. & Santos, Sérgio F. & Catalão, João P.S., 2018. "A comprehensive survey of flexibility options for supporting the low-carbon energy future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 338-353.
    4. de Jong, Pieter & Kiperstok, Asher & Sánchez, Antonio Santos & Dargaville, Roger & Torres, Ednildo Andrade, 2016. "Integrating large scale wind power into the electricity grid in the Northeast of Brazil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 401-415.
    5. Tareen, Wajahat Ullah & Mekhilef, Saad & Seyedmahmoudian, Mehdi & Horan, Ben, 2017. "Active power filter (APF) for mitigation of power quality issues in grid integration of wind and photovoltaic energy conversion system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 635-655.
    6. de Jong, Pieter & Dargaville, Roger & Silver, Jeremy & Utembe, Steven & Kiperstok, Asher & Torres, Ednildo Andrade, 2017. "Forecasting high proportions of wind energy supplying the Brazilian Northeast electricity grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 538-555.
    7. Kamel, Rashad M. & Alsaffar, Mohammad A. & Habib, M.K., 2016. "Novel and simple scheme for Micro-Grid protection by connecting its loads neutral points: A review on Micro-Grid protection techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 931-942.
    8. Cabrera-Tobar, Ana & Bullich-Massagué, Eduard & Aragüés-Peñalba, Mònica & Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol, 2016. "Review of advanced grid requirements for the integration of large scale photovoltaic power plants in the transmission system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 971-987.
    9. Guo, Yurun & Wang, Shugang & Wang, Jihong & Zhang, Tengfei & Ma, Zhenjun & Jiang, Shuang, 2024. "Key district heating technologies for building energy flexibility: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    10. Vallianos, Charalampos & Candanedo, José & Athienitis, Andreas, 2023. "Application of a large smart thermostat dataset for model calibration and Model Predictive Control implementation in the residential sector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    11. Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Aneesh A. Chand & Maria Malvoni & Kushal A. Prasad & Kabir A. Mamun & F.R. Islam & Shauhrat S. Chopra, 2020. "Distributed Energy Resources and the Application of AI, IoT, and Blockchain in Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, November.
    12. Bruno Cárdenas & Lawrie Swinfen-Styles & James Rouse & Seamus D. Garvey, 2021. "Short-, Medium-, and Long-Duration Energy Storage in a 100% Renewable Electricity Grid: A UK Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-28, December.
    13. Nikolai Voropai, 2020. "Electric Power System Transformations: A Review of Main Prospects and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, October.
    14. Kruyt, Bert & Lehning, Michael & Kahl, Annelen, 2017. "Potential contributions of wind power to a stable and highly renewable Swiss power supply," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 1-11.
    15. Wakiyama, Takako & Zusman, Eric, 2021. "The impact of electricity market reform and subnational climate policy on carbon dioxide emissions across the United States: A path analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    16. Jenkins, J.D. & Zhou, Z. & Ponciroli, R. & Vilim, R.B. & Ganda, F. & de Sisternes, F. & Botterud, A., 2018. "The benefits of nuclear flexibility in power system operations with renewable energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 872-884.
    17. Shi, Xiao & Pan, Jian & Wang, Hewu & Cai, Hua, 2019. "Battery electric vehicles: What is the minimum range required?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 352-358.
    18. Shah Rukh Abbas & Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi & Muhammad Naqvi & Adeel Javed & Salman Raza Naqvi & Kafait Ullah & Tauseef-ur-Rehman Khan & Dong Ryeol Shin, 2020. "Impact Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Farms Integration in Weak Transmission Grid from Technical Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-32, October.
    19. Frate, Claudio Albuquerque & Brannstrom, Christian, 2017. "Stakeholder subjectivities regarding barriers and drivers to the introduction of utility-scale solar photovoltaic power in Brazil," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 346-352.
    20. Md Shafiul Alam & Mohammad Ali Yousef Abido, 2017. "Fault Ride-through Capability Enhancement of Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current Systems with Bridge Type Fault Current Limiters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    HVAC; HVDC; UHVAC; HPO HVAC; Line losses; Ozone;
    All these keywords.

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:59:y:2016:i:c:p:1653-1675. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.