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Energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions of biodiesel production from oil derived from wastewater and wastewater sludge

Author

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  • Zhang, Xiaolei
  • Yan, Song
  • Tyagi, Rajeshwar D.
  • Surampalli, Rao Y.

Abstract

It has been recognized that oils derived from microorganism and wastewater sludge are comparable replacements of traditional biodiesel production feedstock, which is energy intensive and costly. Energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are essential factors to assess the feasibility of the production. This study evaluated the energy balance and GHG emissions of biodiesel production from microbial and wastewater sludge oil. The results show that energy balance and GHG emissions of biodiesel produced from microbial oil are significantly impacted by the cultivation methods and carbon source. For phototrophic microorganism (microalgae), open pond system gives 3.6 GJ higher energy gain than photo bioreactor system in per tonne biodiesel produced. For heterotrophic microorganisms, the energy balance depends on the type of carbon source. Three carbon sources including starch, cellulose, and starch industry wastewater (SIW) used in this study showed that utilization of SIW as carbon source provided the most favorable energy balance. When oil extracted from municipal sludge is used for biodiesel production, the energy gain is up to 29.7 GJ per tonne biodiesel produced, which is higher than the energy gain per tonne of biodiesel produced from SIW cultivated microbes. GHG emissions study shows that biodiesel production from microbes or sludge oil is a net carbon dioxide capture process except when starch is used as raw material for microbial oil production, and the highest capture is around 40 tonnes carbon dioxide per tonne of biodiesel produced.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Xiaolei & Yan, Song & Tyagi, Rajeshwar D. & Surampalli, Rao Y., 2013. "Energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions of biodiesel production from oil derived from wastewater and wastewater sludge," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 392-403.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:55:y:2013:i:c:p:392-403
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.12.046
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Xiaolei & Yan, Song & Tyagi, Rajeshwar D. & Surampalli, RaoY. & Valéro, Jose R., 2014. "Wastewater sludge as raw material for microbial oils production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 192-201.
    2. Chen, Jiaxin & Zhang, Xiaolei & Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal, 2021. "Impact of nitrogen on the industrial feasibility of biodiesel production from lipid accumulated in oleaginous yeast with wastewater sludge and crude glycerol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    3. Selvakumar, P. & Arunagiri, A. & Sivashanmugam, P., 2019. "Thermo-sonic assisted enzymatic pre-treatment of sludge biomass as potential feedstock for oleaginous yeast cultivation to produce biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1400-1411.
    4. Chen, Jiaxin & Li, Ji & Dong, Wenyi & Zhang, Xiaolei & Tyagi, Rajeshwar D. & Drogui, Patrick & Surampalli, Rao Y., 2018. "The potential of microalgae in biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 336-346.
    5. Severo, Ihana Aguiar & Siqueira, Stefania Fortes & Deprá, Mariany Costa & Maroneze, Mariana Manzoni & Zepka, Leila Queiroz & Jacob-Lopes, Eduardo, 2019. "Biodiesel facilities: What can we address to make biorefineries commercially competitive?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 686-705.
    6. Bet-Moushoul, Elsie & Farhadi, Khalil & Mansourpanah, Yaghoub & Molaie, Rahim & Forough, Mehrdad & Nikbakht, Ali Mohammad, 2016. "Development of novel Ag/bauxite nanocomposite as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 12-21.
    7. Gourich, Wail & Chan, Eng-Seng & Ng, Wei Zhe & Obon, Aaron Anthony & Maran, Kireshwen & Ong, Yi Hui & Lee, Chin Loong & Tan, Jully & Song, Cher Pin, 2022. "Life cycle benefits of enzymatic biodiesel co-produced in palm oil mills from sludge palm oil as renewable fuel for rural electrification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).

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