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Multi-injection rate thermal response test with forced convection in a groundwater-filled borehole in hard rock

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  • Liebel, Heiko T.
  • Javed, Saqib
  • Vistnes, Gunnar

Abstract

Convection is shown in earlier studies to improve the thermal contact between heat exchanger and borehole wall in water-filled boreholes. This study investigates the effect of convection on the required borehole length for a ground-coupled heat pump installation. Artificial convection was induced by an ordinary groundwater pump during a multi-injection rate thermal response test (MIR-TRT). For comparison, a second MIR-TRT was performed without pumping of groundwater. The required borehole length was estimated for a ground-coupled heat pump installation supplying a Swedish single-family house. The estimates are based on the results from the MIR-TRTs for thermal conductivity and borehole resistance. The results show linear decrease in required borehole length with increasing heat input rate during the MIR-TRT without pumping of groundwater due to buoyancy-driven convection. An artificial convection stronger than buoyancy-driven convection during the MIR-TRT with pumping of groundwater reduced the required borehole length by 9 %–25 % depending on the heat input rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Liebel, Heiko T. & Javed, Saqib & Vistnes, Gunnar, 2012. "Multi-injection rate thermal response test with forced convection in a groundwater-filled borehole in hard rock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 263-268.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:48:y:2012:i:c:p:263-268
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.05.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saqib Javed & Per Fahlén, 2011. "Thermal response testing of a multiple borehole ground heat exchanger," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 6(2), pages 141-148, March.
    2. Gustafsson, A.-M. & Westerlund, L., 2010. "Multi-injection rate thermal response test in groundwater filled borehole heat exchanger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 1061-1070.
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    1. Spitler, Jeffrey D. & Gehlin, Signhild E.A., 2015. "Thermal response testing for ground source heat pump systems—An historical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1125-1137.
    2. Zhao, Zilong & Lin, Yu-Feng & Stumpf, Andrew & Wang, Xinlei, 2022. "Assessing impacts of groundwater on geothermal heat exchangers: A review of methodology and modeling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 121-147.
    3. Li, Min & Zhang, Liwen & Liu, Gang, 2019. "Estimation of thermal properties of soil and backfilling material from thermal response tests (TRTs) for exploiting shallow geothermal energy: Sensitivity, identifiability, and uncertainty," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1263-1270.
    4. Li, Biao & Han, Zongwei & Bai, Chenguang & Hu, Honghao, 2019. "The influence of soil thermal properties on the operation performance on ground source heat pump system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 903-913.
    5. Cardoso de Freitas Murari, Milena & de Hollanda Cavalcanti Tsuha, Cristina & Loveridge, Fleur, 2022. "Investigation on the thermal response of steel pipe energy piles with different backfill materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 44-61.
    6. Zhang, Changxing & Guo, Zhanjun & Liu, Yufeng & Cong, Xiaochun & Peng, Donggen, 2014. "A review on thermal response test of ground-coupled heat pump systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 851-867.
    7. Zhang, Xueping & Li, Gui & Han, Zongwei & Yang, Ziwei & Bi, Weiqiang & Li, Xiuming & Yang, Lingyan, 2023. "Study on the influence of buried pipe fault on the operation of ground source heat pump system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 12-25.
    8. Wu, Xuan & Wang, Zhengwen & Jin, Guang & Yang, Xue & Zhang, Zhiqiang & Bi, Wenming, 2016. "Development and experimental study on testing platform for rock-soil thermal response tester," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 765-771.
    9. Choi, Wonjun & Ooka, Ryozo, 2016. "Effect of natural convection on thermal response test conducted in saturated porous formation: Comparison of gravel-backfilled and cement-grouted borehole heat exchangers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 891-903.
    10. Spitler, Jeffrey D. & Javed, Saqib & Ramstad, Randi Kalskin, 2016. "Natural convection in groundwater-filled boreholes used as ground heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 352-365.
    11. Hakala, Petri & Vallin, Sami & Arola, Teppo & Martinkauppi, Ilkka, 2022. "Novel use of the enhanced thermal response test in crystalline bedrock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 467-482.
    12. Javed, Saqib & Spitler, Jeffrey, 2017. "Accuracy of borehole thermal resistance calculation methods for grouted single U-tube ground heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 790-806.
    13. Oleg Todorov & Kari Alanne & Markku Virtanen & Risto Kosonen, 2021. "Different Approaches for Evaluation and Modeling of the Effective Thermal Resistance of Groundwater-Filled Boreholes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-25, October.
    14. Lucia, Umberto & Simonetti, Marco & Chiesa, Giacomo & Grisolia, Giulia, 2017. "Ground-source pump system for heating and cooling: Review and thermodynamic approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 867-874.

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