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Experimental validation of the optimum photovoltaic panels' tilt angle for remote consumers

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  • Kaldellis, John
  • Kavadias, Kosmas
  • Zafirakis, Dimitrios

Abstract

Across the entire Greek territory one may encounter several remote consumers that could cover their needs on the basis of PV-based stand-alone applications exploiting the high quality local solar potential. In this context, optimum sizing of such installations also involves investigation of the optimum panels' tilt angle, which opposite to grid-connected applications is required to provide year-round energy autonomy rather than maximization of the annual energy yield. Considering the above, investigation of the optimum panels' tilt angle for stand-alone applications is the aim of the specific study, in both theoretical and experimental terms. Theoretical investigation is based on the validation of the assumption that the optimum angle for such applications coincides with the angle that provides maximum exploitation of solar potential during winter months, while following, the optimum angle determined in the area of 60° is also experimentally validated with the conduction of long-term winter measurements for the area of Athens.

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  • Kaldellis, John & Kavadias, Kosmas & Zafirakis, Dimitrios, 2012. "Experimental validation of the optimum photovoltaic panels' tilt angle for remote consumers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 179-191.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:46:y:2012:i:c:p:179-191
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.03.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Gopal, C. & Mohanraj, M. & Chandramohan, P. & Chandrasekar, P., 2013. "Renewable energy source water pumping systems—A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 351-370.
    5. Lau, K.Y. & Tan, C.W. & Yatim, A.H.M., 2018. "Effects of ambient temperatures, tilt angles, and orientations on hybrid photovoltaic/diesel systems under equatorial climates," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2625-2636.
    6. Nsengiyumva, Walter & Chen, Shi Guo & Hu, Lihua & Chen, Xueyong, 2018. "Recent advancements and challenges in Solar Tracking Systems (STS): A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 250-279.
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    10. Armendariz-Lopez, J.F. & Luna-Leon, A. & Gonzalez-Trevizo, M.E. & Arena-Granados, A.P. & Bojorquez-Morales, G., 2016. "Life cycle cost of photovoltaic technologies in commercial buildings in Baja California, Mexico," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 564-571.
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    12. Juntunen, Jouni K. & Martiskainen, Mari, 2021. "Improving understanding of energy autonomy: A systematic review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
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    14. Hafez, A.Z. & Soliman, A. & El-Metwally, K.A. & Ismail, I.M., 2017. "Tilt and azimuth angles in solar energy applications – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 147-168.

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