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Rotational sampling of waves by tidal turbine blades

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  • Draycott, S.
  • Steynor, J.
  • Nambiar, A.
  • Sellar, B.
  • Venugopal, V.

Abstract

The presence of waves exposes tidal stream turbines to large and cyclic hydrodynamic loads which significantly influence the design requirements for tidal turbine blades. Here we describe a loading phenomenon not previously considered in literature caused as blades rotationally sample an oscillating and vertically decaying wave-induced velocity field. Although implicitly incorporated into numerical models, the dominant causes and relative influence have not previously been considered.In this article this effect is described through theoretical analysis and validated through scaled experiments; including irregular waves at angles to the rotor and current field. The associated loads are found to be strongly correlated to the wavenumber. The nature of the rotational-sampling-effect is confirmed through analysis of the experimental results, where characteristic sidebands are effectively predicted in the blade root bending moment spectra. It is estimated to account for between 8% and 16% of the fatigue damage and between 7% and 13% of the peak root bending moment for the conditions tested. A key finding is that two bilaterally-symmetrical oblique wave conditions do not produce equivalent loading patterns: one produces higher frequency oscillations. Additionally, it is found that the frequency of these loads reduces linearly with rotational speed; highlighting another consideration for tidal stream turbine operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Draycott, S. & Steynor, J. & Nambiar, A. & Sellar, B. & Venugopal, V., 2020. "Rotational sampling of waves by tidal turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 2197-2209.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:162:y:2020:i:c:p:2197-2209
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.10.037
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gaurier, Benoît & Davies, Peter & Deuff, Albert & Germain, Grégory, 2013. "Flume tank characterization of marine current turbine blade behaviour under current and wave loading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-12.
    2. Luznik, Luksa & Flack, Karen A. & Lust, Ethan E. & Taylor, Katharin, 2013. "The effect of surface waves on the performance characteristics of a model tidal turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 108-114.
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    5. Draycott, S. & Nambiar, A. & Sellar, B. & Davey, T. & Venugopal, V., 2019. "Assessing extreme loads on a tidal turbine using focused wave groups in energetic currents," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1013-1024.
    6. Stephanie Ordonez-Sanchez & Matthew Allmark & Kate Porter & Robert Ellis & Catherine Lloyd & Ivan Santic & Tim O’Doherty & Cameron Johnstone, 2019. "Analysis of a Horizontal-Axis Tidal Turbine Performance in the Presence of Regular and Irregular Waves Using Two Control Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-22, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lam, Raymond & Dubon, Sergio Lopez & Sellar, Brian & Vogel, Christopher & Davey, Thomas & Steynor, Jeffrey, 2023. "Temporal and spatial characterisation of tidal blade load variation for structural fatigue testing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 665-678.
    2. Roman Gabl & Samuel Draycott & Ajit C. Pillai & Thomas Davey, 2021. "Experimental Data of Bottom Pressure and Free Surface Elevation including Wave and Current Interactions," Data, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Perez, Larissa & Cossu, Remo & Grinham, Alistair & Penesis, Irene, 2022. "Tidal turbine performance and loads for various hub heights and wave conditions using high-frequency field measurements and Blade Element Momentum theory," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1548-1560.

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