IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v146y2020icp2199-2209.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Survey of the near wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in the presence of waves

Author

Listed:
  • Lust, Ethan E.
  • Flack, Karen A.
  • Luznik, Luksa

Abstract

Flow field results are presented for the near-wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in the presence of surface gravity waves. The turbine is a 1/25 scale, 0.8 m diameter, two bladed turbine based on the U.S. Department of Energy's Reference Model 1 tidal current turbine. Measurements were obtained in the large towing tank facility at the U.S. Naval Academy with the turbine towed at a constant carriage speed and a tip speed ratio selected to provide maximum power. The turbine has been shown to be nearly scale independent for these conditions. The selected wave form was intended to represent oceanic swell encountered off the U.S. eastern seaboard. The resulting model wave is a deep water wave, in terms of relative depth, traveling with the “current”, in the opposite direction of the towing carriage. Velocity measurements were obtained using a submersible, planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) system at streamwise distances of up to two diameters downstream of the rotor plane. PIV ensembles were obtained for phase locked conditions with the reference blade at the horizontal position. Phase averaged results for no-wave and wave conditions are presented for comparison showing further expansion of the wake and shear layer in the presence of waves as compared to the no-wave case. When ensembles are selectively sampled on the wave phase, a high degree of coherency is shown to remain and the wake width is shown to undulate with the passing of the wave, with the vertical displacement range on the same order as that of a particle under similar conditions. The impact of waves on turbine tip vortex helical structure is also examined. Waves are shown to change the location of adjacent helices. In the streamwise direction, this changes the pitch of the helix, shown in previous studies to affect the downstream wake recovery distance. In the vertical direction, depending on the wave-induced flow field at the time they were created, vortices are forced outward, into the mean flow or inward, into the wake core, potentially enhancing kinetic energy transport and accelerating the re-energization process.

Suggested Citation

  • Lust, Ethan E. & Flack, Karen A. & Luznik, Luksa, 2020. "Survey of the near wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in the presence of waves," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 2199-2209.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:146:y:2020:i:c:p:2199-2209
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.067
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148119312546
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.067?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Durán Medina, Olmo & Schmitt, François G. & Calif, Rudy & Germain, Grégory & Gaurier, Benoît, 2017. "Turbulence analysis and multiscale correlations between synchronized flow velocity and marine turbine power production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 314-327.
    2. Gaurier, Benoît & Davies, Peter & Deuff, Albert & Germain, Grégory, 2013. "Flume tank characterization of marine current turbine blade behaviour under current and wave loading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-12.
    3. Lust, Ethan E. & Flack, Karen A. & Luznik, Luksa, 2018. "Survey of the near wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in quiescent conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 92-101.
    4. Walker, Jessica M. & Flack, Karen A. & Lust, Ethan E. & Schultz, Michael P. & Luznik, Luksa, 2014. "Experimental and numerical studies of blade roughness and fouling on marine current turbine performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 257-267.
    5. de Jesus Henriques, Tiago A. & Hedges, Terry S. & Owen, Ieuan & Poole, Robert J., 2016. "The influence of blade pitch angle on the performance of a model horizontal axis tidal stream turbine operating under wave–current interaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 166-175.
    6. Mycek, Paul & Gaurier, Benoît & Germain, Grégory & Pinon, Grégory & Rivoalen, Elie, 2014. "Experimental study of the turbulence intensity effects on marine current turbines behaviour. Part II: Two interacting turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 876-892.
    7. Mycek, Paul & Gaurier, Benoît & Germain, Grégory & Pinon, Grégory & Rivoalen, Elie, 2014. "Experimental study of the turbulence intensity effects on marine current turbines behaviour. Part I: One single turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 729-746.
    8. Luznik, Luksa & Flack, Karen A. & Lust, Ethan E. & Taylor, Katharin, 2013. "The effect of surface waves on the performance characteristics of a model tidal turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 108-114.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. El Fajri, Oumnia & Bowman, Joshua & Bhushan, Shanti & Thompson, David & O'Doherty, Tim, 2022. "Numerical study of the effect of tip-speed ratio on hydrokinetic turbine wake recovery," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 725-750.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Craig Hill & Vincent S. Neary & Michele Guala & Fotis Sotiropoulos, 2020. "Performance and Wake Characterization of a Model Hydrokinetic Turbine: The Reference Model 1 (RM1) Dual Rotor Tidal Energy Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Ramin Alipour & Roozbeh Alipour & Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor & Michal Petrů & Seyed Alireza Ghazanfari, 2020. "On the Performance of Small-Scale Horizontal Axis Tidal Current Turbines. Part 1: One Single Turbine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-25, July.
    3. Fontaine, A.A. & Straka, W.A. & Meyer, R.S. & Jonson, M.L. & Young, S.D. & Neary, V.S., 2020. "Performance and wake flow characterization of a 1:8.7-scale reference USDOE MHKF1 hydrokinetic turbine to establish a verification and validation test database," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 451-467.
    4. Mujahid Badshah & Saeed Badshah & James VanZwieten & Sakhi Jan & Muhammad Amir & Suheel Abdullah Malik, 2019. "Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Modelling of Loads Variation and Fatigue Life of a Full-Scale Tidal Turbine under the Effect of Velocity Profile," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-22, June.
    5. Zhang, Yuquan & Zang, Wei & Zheng, Jinhai & Cappietti, Lorenzo & Zhang, Jisheng & Zheng, Yuan & Fernandez-Rodriguez, E., 2021. "The influence of waves propagating with the current on the wake of a tidal stream turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    6. Rahimian, Masoud & Walker, Jessica & Penesis, Irene, 2018. "Performance of a horizontal axis marine current turbine– A comprehensive evaluation using experimental, numerical, and theoretical approaches," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 965-976.
    7. Gaurier, Benoît & Ikhennicheu, Maria & Germain, Grégory & Druault, Philippe, 2020. "Experimental study of bathymetry generated turbulence on tidal turbine behaviour," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 1158-1170.
    8. Tian, Wenlong & Ni, Xiwen & Mao, Zhaoyong & Zhang, Tianqi, 2020. "Influence of surface waves on the hydrodynamic performance of a horizontal axis ocean current turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 37-48.
    9. Lust, Ethan E. & Flack, Karen A. & Luznik, Luksa, 2018. "Survey of the near wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in quiescent conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 92-101.
    10. Gao, Jinjin & Liu, Han & Lee, Jiyong & Zheng, Yuan & Guala, Michele & Shen, Lian, 2022. "Large-eddy simulation and Co-Design strategy for a drag-type vertical axis hydrokinetic turbine in open channel flows," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1305-1316.
    11. Ian Masters & Alison Williams & T. Nick Croft & Michael Togneri & Matt Edmunds & Enayatollah Zangiabadi & Iain Fairley & Harshinie Karunarathna, 2015. "A Comparison of Numerical Modelling Techniques for Tidal Stream Turbine Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-21, July.
    12. Druault, Philippe & Gaurier, Benoît & Germain, Grégory, 2022. "Spatial integration effect on velocity spectrum: Towards an interpretation of the − 11/3 power law observed in the spectra of turbine outputs," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1062-1080.
    13. Ha, Tran Bao Ngoc & Sharma, Rajnish N., 2020. "The unsteady hydrodynamic response of lightly loaded tidal turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1959-1968.
    14. Magnier, Maëlys & Delette, Nina & Druault, Philippe & Gaurier, Benoît & Germain, Grégory, 2022. "Experimental study of the shear flow effect on tidal turbine blade loading variation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 744-757.
    15. McCaffrey, Katherine & Fox-Kemper, Baylor & Hamlington, Peter E. & Thomson, Jim, 2015. "Characterization of turbulence anisotropy, coherence, and intermittency at a prospective tidal energy site: Observational data analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 441-453.
    16. Gaurier, Benoît & Carlier, Clément & Germain, Grégory & Pinon, Grégory & Rivoalen, Elie, 2020. "Three tidal turbines in interaction: An experimental study of turbulence intensity effects on wakes and turbine performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1150-1164.
    17. Sentchev, Alexei & Thiébaut, Maxime & Schmitt, François G., 2020. "Impact of turbulence on power production by a free-stream tidal turbine in real sea conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1932-1940.
    18. El-Shahat, Saeed A. & Li, Guojun & Fu, Lei, 2021. "Investigation of wave–current interaction for a tidal current turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    19. Mickael Grondeau & Sylvain S. Guillou & Jean Charles Poirier & Philippe Mercier & Emmnuel Poizot & Yann Méar, 2022. "Studying the Wake of a Tidal Turbine with an IBM-LBM Approach Using Realistic Inflow Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-34, March.
    20. Niebuhr, C.M. & Schmidt, S. & van Dijk, M. & Smith, L. & Neary, V.S., 2022. "A review of commercial numerical modelling approaches for axial hydrokinetic turbine wake analysis in channel flow," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:146:y:2020:i:c:p:2199-2209. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.