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Analysis of water management in PEM fuel cell stack at dead-end mode using direct visualization

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  • Esbo, M. Rahimi-
  • Ranjbar, A.A.
  • Rahgoshay, S.M.

Abstract

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have the ability to be operated with open-end and dead-end modes. At the open-end mode the extra reactants are essential for obtaining the specified current density. The removal of impurities from channels at the dead-end mode at a specific period of time is a very important issue. Water accumulation leads to the non-uniform distribution of reactant flow in individual fuel cell plate and within the fuel cell assembly, which can result in the voltage instabilities and electrodes degradation. In this work, a transparent PEMFC stack has been suggested and designed to explore water flow within the cell through direct visualization as the simplest and most reliable tool for water management studies. Design steps are explained in details within the manuscript and the performance of PEMFC stack at open-end and dead-end modes is compared. The effect of liquid water flow regime on voltage and pressure variation is investigated. The different losses at stack and single cell are compared and analyzed. In addition, an empirical correlation has been extracted for setting the purge parameters in PEM fuel cell stacks at dead-end mode which can be useful for further research works in the field of dead-end PEMFC.

Suggested Citation

  • Esbo, M. Rahimi- & Ranjbar, A.A. & Rahgoshay, S.M., 2020. "Analysis of water management in PEM fuel cell stack at dead-end mode using direct visualization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 212-221.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:162:y:2020:i:c:p:212-221
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.06.078
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ceballos, J.O. & Ordóñez, L.C. & Sierra, J.M., 2024. "Water saturation distribution in a PEMFC at the cathode side using OpenFOAM," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    2. Li, Jinguang & Ke, Yuzhi & Yuan, Wei & Bai, Yafeng & Zhang, Baotong & Liu, Zi'ang & Lin, Zhenhe & Liu, Qingsen & Tang, Yong, 2023. "Enhancement of two-phase flow and mass transport by a two-dimensional flow channel with variable cross-sections in proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P2).
    3. Liu, Shihua & Li, Xiaoyang & Pang, Linjia & Geng, Tie & Guo, Yonggang & Jiang, Lin & Kang, Kejia & Wang, Xinchao & Liu, Zongyao, 2022. "Study on the effect of purging time on the performance of PEMFC with dead-ended anode under gravity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1141-1151.
    4. Yonghua Cai & Jingming Sun & Fan Wei & Ben Chen, 2022. "Effect of Baffle Dimensionless Size Factor on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, May.
    5. Ren, Peng & Pei, Pucheng & Chen, Dongfang & Zhang, Lu & Li, Yuehua & Song, Xin & Wang, Mingkai & Wang, He, 2022. "Corrosion of metallic bipolar plates accelerated by operating conditions in a simulated PEM fuel cell cathode environment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 1277-1287.
    6. Heng Zhang & Zhongyong Liu & Weilai Liu & Lei Mao, 2022. "Diagnosing Improper Membrane Water Content in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Two-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, June.
    7. Chen, Ben & Zhou, Haoran & He, Shaowen & Meng, Kai & Liu, Yang & Cai, Yonghua, 2021. "Numerical simulation on purge strategy of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with dead-ended anode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    8. Zhao, Lei & Hong, Jichao & Xie, Jiaping & Jiang, Shangfeng & Wei, Xuezhe & Ming, Pingwen & Dai, Haifeng, 2023. "Investigation of local sensitivity for vehicle-oriented fuel cell stacks based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    9. Calili-Cankir, Fatma & Ismail, Mohammed S. & Berber, Mohamed R. & Alrowaili, Ziyad A. & Ingham, Derek B. & Hughes, Kevin J. & Ma, Lin & Pourkashanian, Mohamed, 2022. "Dynamic models for air-breathing and conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cells: A comparative study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1001-1014.
    10. Sarjuni, C.A. & Lim, B.H. & Majlan, E.H. & Rosli, M.I., 2024. "A review: Fluid dynamic and mass transport behaviour in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).

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