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Fractional condensation of pyrolysis vapours as a promising approach to control bio-oil aging: Dry birch bark bio-oil

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  • Siriwardhana, Manjula

Abstract

Bio-oil has several undesired fuel properties such as high viscosity, high acidity, high molecular weight, instability, and phase separation upon aging. Further, the high oxygen content (typically 45–50 wt%) and the water content (typically 15–30 wt%) of pyrolysis oil result in a lower energy density than conventional fuel oils. Whole bio-oil from the fast pyrolysis of birch bark is phase separated at room temperature, probably because of the high extractive content of the bark. It prevents the application of bio-oil derived from birch bark as a fuel. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the application of fractional condensation of pyrolysis vapors as a promising method to obtain bio-oils that are more resistant to aging. Bio-oil vapors were separated into three cuts: a hard solid in the first condenser, a viscous oily cut (“second condenser cut”) in the second condenser/electrostatic precipitator, and a water-rich acidic liquid in the third condenser. It was found that fractional condensation is an effective method to separate water, acids and other low molecular weight reactive components from bio-oil and is a promising downstream approach to control the quality of bio-oils, making it more suitable for further upgrading and/or direct application. Performing fractional condensation and mixing the second condenser oil fraction with 25% isopropanol yields a very stable liquid fuel.

Suggested Citation

  • Siriwardhana, Manjula, 2020. "Fractional condensation of pyrolysis vapours as a promising approach to control bio-oil aging: Dry birch bark bio-oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 1121-1128.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:152:y:2020:i:c:p:1121-1128
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.01.095
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guo, Xiujuan & Wang, Shurong & Guo, Zuogang & Liu, Qian & Luo, Zhongyang & Cen, Kefa, 2010. "Pyrolysis characteristics of bio-oil fractions separated by molecular distillation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(9), pages 2892-2898, September.
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    1. Hu, Hangli & Luo, Yanru & Zou, Jianfeng & Zhang, Shukai & Yellezuome, Dominic & Rahman, Md Maksudur & Li, Yingkai & Li, Chong & Cai, Junmeng, 2022. "Exploring aging kinetic mechanisms of bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis based on change in carbonyl content," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 782-790.
    2. Wang, Chu & Yuan, Xinhua & Li, Shanshan & Zhu, Xifeng, 2021. "Enrichment of phenolic products in walnut shell pyrolysis bio-oil by combining torrefaction pretreatment with fractional condensation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1317-1329.

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